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Photoperiod Manipulation Affects Transcriptional Profile of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism and Apoptosis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae: Potential Roles of Gut Microbiota

  • Physiology and Biotechnology
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Abstract

Gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in maintaining host’s health by controlling a wide range of physiological processes. Administration of probiotics and manipulation of photoperiod have been suggested as modulators of microbial composition and are currently undergoing an extensive research in aquaculture as a way to improve health and quality of harvested fish. However, our understanding regarding their effects on physiological processes is still limited. In the present study we investigated whether manipulation of photoperiod and/or probiotic administration was able to alter microbial composition in zebrafish larvae at hatching stage. Our findings show that probiotic does not elicit effects while photoperiod manipulation has a significant impact on microbiota composition. Moreover, we successfully predicted lipid biosynthesis and apoptosis to be modulated by microbial communities undergoing continuous darkness. Interestingly, expression levels of caspase 3 gene (casp3) and lipid-related genes (hnf4a, npc1l1, pparγ, srebf1, agpat4 and fitm2) were found to be significantly overexpressed in dark-exposed larvae, suggesting an increase in the occurrence of apoptotic processes and a lipid metabolism impairment, respectively (p < 0.05). Our results provide the evidence that microbial communities in zebrafish at early life stages are not modulated by a short administration of probiotics and highlight the significant effect that dark photoperiod elicits on zebrafish microbiota and potentially on health.

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Data Accessibility

Raw sequencing data was deposited as FASTQ files in NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database under the Bioproject number PRJNA528701.

Funding

This research was supported by funds from the MINECO grants (AGL2014-57974-R and AGL2017-89436-R) to both EC and IN, from grant (FAR2018 and FIR2018) to CB and from grant FA2015 to OC.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Esmail Lutfi

    Present address: Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, P.O. Box 210, 1431, Ås, Norway

  2. Danilo Basili and Esmail Lutfi contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Danilo Basili, Silvia Falcinelli & Oliana Carnevali

  2. Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Esmail Lutfi, Sara Balbuena-Pecino, Isabel Navarro & Encarnación Capilla

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

    Cristiano Bertolucci

Authors
  1. Danilo Basili
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  2. Esmail Lutfi
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  3. Silvia Falcinelli
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  4. Sara Balbuena-Pecino
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  5. Isabel Navarro
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  6. Cristiano Bertolucci
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  7. Encarnación Capilla
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  8. Oliana Carnevali
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Contributions

OC conceived and designed the experiment. EL and SF carried out the experiment. DB analysed the data. SB performed the qPCR validation. DB, OC, EL, EC, IN, SF and CB wrote the paper.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Oliana Carnevali.

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Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Basili, D., Lutfi, E., Falcinelli, S. et al. Photoperiod Manipulation Affects Transcriptional Profile of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism and Apoptosis in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae: Potential Roles of Gut Microbiota. Microb Ecol 79, 933–946 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01468-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01468-7

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