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Source Apportionment of PM10-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Positive Matrix Factorization in Córdoba City, Argentina

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Abstract

The composition and concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed on particles smaller than 10 microns (PM10) were analyzed in an urban area during a 2-year period from August 2011 to August 2013. Diagnostic ratios (DR) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were employed to assess emission sources. To discount weather influence, a multiple linear regression model was generated and also a photodecomposition index was calculated for each sample. Despite the fact that mean PM10 levels showed a similar pattern all around the year, majority of PAHs showed higher concentrations during the cold than the warm period, indicating a strong seasonal variation. A 38% of PAHs variation could be explained by meteorological variables, with wind speed, wind direction, and dew point being the significant regressor variables in the model. The source apportionment of PAHs was performed using PMF although they are photosensitive compounds. The sampling period was separated in warm and cold seasons according to a photodecomposition index and cold period was used. Also, DR were calculated. DR as well as PMF analysis suggested that both gasoline and diesel vehicular emissions are the main PAHs emission sources in this urban area.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (Grant #11220090100999) and Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Grant #30720130100458CB). The authors thank the National Weather Service for the data provided.

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  1. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina

    Ana C. Amarillo, Ana C. Mateos & Hebe Carreras

  2. Chemistry Department, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 1611, X5016 GCA, Córdoba, Argentina

    Ana C. Amarillo, Ana C. Mateos & Hebe Carreras

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  1. Ana C. Amarillo
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Correspondence to Ana C. Amarillo.

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Amarillo, A.C., Mateos, A.C. & Carreras, H. Source Apportionment of PM10-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Positive Matrix Factorization in Córdoba City, Argentina. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 72, 380–390 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-017-0384-y

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