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Single phase laminar fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannel with cylindrical and parallelepiped micro-fins

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Abstract

In this paper, the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of water as coolant in cylindrical and parallelepiped micro-finned rectangular microchannels are investigated. Experiments are performed on a copper plain microchannel with six parallel channels of dimensions 350 (width) × 605 (depth) μm for Reynolds number in the range of 67 to 153 and four different heat inputs. Experimental results are used to validate the numerical model, which is extended to analyze the effects of diameter of cylindrical and length and width of parallelepiped micro-fins on the overall performance of microchannel using non-dimensional parameters, such as Poiseuille number, Nusselt number and performance evaluation criteria. It is found that the enhancement in heat transfer is higher than that of pressure drop. Smaller diameter cylindrical fin performs better than the plain channel, when the performance is evaluated considering both heat transfer and pressure drop in channels. Correlations are developed for Poiseuille number and Nusselt number for cylindrical and parallelepiped micro-finned rectangular channels, which can be used to design microchannel with extended surface for thermal management of electronic devices.

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Abbreviations

A :

Area (m2)

A ratio :

Ratio of fin surface area to bottom wall area

A s :

Surface area of the channel (m2)

b :

Uncertainty in variable

c p :

Specific heat (J/kg.K)

D h :

Hydraulic diameter (μm)

d :

Diameter (μm)

f :

Friction factor

Gr :

Grashoff number

H :

Height (μm)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

I :

Current supply (ampere)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W/mK)

K(∞) :

Hegenbach factor

L :

Length of the microchannel (μm)

l :

Length of micro fin (μm)

L Dh :

Developing length of the channel (m)

\( \overset{\cdot }{m} \) :

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

N :

Number of channels

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

Perimeter of channel (μm)

p :

Pitch (μm)

\( \mathcal{P} \) :

Power supplied to the microchannel (W)

:

Pressure (Pa)

Pr :

Prandtl number

Po :

Poiseuille number

PEC :

Performance evaluation criteria

Q loss :

Heat loss due to natural convection (W)

Q rem :

Heat removed by microchannel (W)

q″ :

Heat flux (W/m2)

\( \mathcal{Q} \) :

Flow rate (m3/s)

R :

Function for uncertainty

Re :

Reynolds number

Ra :

Rayleigh number

s :

Spacing between two fin (μm)

T :

Temperature (°C or K)

ΔT m :

Logarithmic mean temperature (°C or K)

u :

Velocity (m/s)

\( \overline{u} \) :

Mean velocity (m/s)

V:

Voltage supply (volt)

W :

Width of microchannel (μm)

w :

Width of parallelepiped fin (μm)

x, y, z :

Coordinate axes

α :

Aspect ratio

ρ :

Density (kg/m3)

μ :

Viscosity (kg/m.s)

λ :

Ratio of height of micro fin to spacing between two fin

θ :

Temperature difference (K)

ƞ :

Non dimensional length along flow direction (z/L)

Θ :

Dimensionless temperature \( =\frac{T\left(\times, y,z\right)-{T}_w}{T_b(z)-{T}_{w.}} \)

∞ :

Ambient

avg :

Average

bulk :

Bulk

bw :

Bottom wall

ch :

Characteristic

cs :

Cross-sectional

cyl :

Cylinder

D :

Developing

eff :

Effective

exp :

Experimental

FD :

Fully developed

fin :

Fin

fluid :

Fluid

in :

Inlet

int :

Interface

lit :

Literature

max :

Maximum

micro :

Microchannel

minor :

Minor

o :

Outlet

par :

Parallelepiped

rough :

Channel with micro-fin

plain :

Plain

U :

Uncertainty

tot :

Total

w :

Wall

z :

Local

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India

    Anil Gorasiya & Sandip K. Saha

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  1. Anil Gorasiya
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  2. Sandip K. Saha
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Correspondence to Sandip K. Saha.

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Gorasiya, A., Saha, S.K. Single phase laminar fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannel with cylindrical and parallelepiped micro-fins. Heat Mass Transfer 55, 613–626 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-018-2419-y

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