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Conditioned aversive responses produced by delayed, but not immediate, exposure to cocaine and morphine in male Sprague-Dawley rats

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Abstract

Rationale

To determine the conditions under which tastes paired with delayed access to experimenter-delivered cocaine and morphine elicit a conditionally aversive affective state.

Objectives and methods

The potential of saccharin paired with immediate access to cocaine (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, sc and ip) and delayed (30 and 10 min) access to cocaine (20 mg/kg, sc and ip) and morphine (10 mg/kg, sc) to elicit a pattern of aversive responding in the taste reactivity test (Grill and Norgren 1978a) was evaluated. Cocaine-induced aversions were compared with those produced by a moderate dose of LiCl (50 mg/kg). Finally, as an independent measure of cocaine withdrawal, the potential of exposure to saccharin paired with delayed access to cocaine to produce anxiogenic-like responding in the Light–Dark Emersion test was evaluated.

Results

Immediate access to cocaine did not produce conditioned aversion at any dose. Delayed (30 or 10 min) access to sc cocaine (20 mg/kg) produced robust conditioned aversion and delayed access to ip cocaine (20 mg/kg; 30 min) and to sc morphine (10 mg/kg; 10 min) produced weaker conditioned aversion. Yawning emerged as a potential withdrawal response in rats conditioned with delayed (30 min) access to 20 mg/kg, sc, cocaine. Contextual cues did not produce conditioned aversion when paired with delayed access to sc cocaine (20 mg/kg). Finally, exposure to saccharin paired with delayed access to cocaine produced anxiogenic-like responding in the Light–Dark Emersion test.

Conclusion

Our results support the contention that a conditioned aversive state develops when a taste cue comes to predict the delayed availability of drugs of abuse.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by research grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (03629) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research (388239) to L.A.P.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada

    Kelsey G. Guenther, Cassidy E. Wideman, Erin M. Rock, Cheryl L. Limebeer & Linda A. Parker

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  1. Kelsey G. Guenther
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  2. Cassidy E. Wideman
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  3. Erin M. Rock
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  4. Cheryl L. Limebeer
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  5. Linda A. Parker
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Correspondence to Linda A. Parker.

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Guenther, K.G., Wideman, C.E., Rock, E.M. et al. Conditioned aversive responses produced by delayed, but not immediate, exposure to cocaine and morphine in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Psychopharmacology 235, 3315–3327 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-5038-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-5038-x

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