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Assessment of tolerance to the effects of methamphetamine on daytime and nighttime activity evaluated with actigraphy in rhesus monkeys

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Abstract

Rationale

Methamphetamine is one of the most largely consumed illicit drugs, and its use is associated with abuse liability and several adverse health effects, such as sleep impairment. Importantly, sleep quality can influence addiction treatment outcomes. Evidence suggests that tolerance can develop to the sleep-disrupting effects of stimulant drugs.

Objective

The aim of the present study was to investigate the development of tolerance to the actigraphy-based sleep-disrupting and stimulant effects of methamphetamine self-administration in rhesus monkeys.

Methods

Methamphetamine (0.03 mg/kg/inf, i.v.) self-administration was carried out following three different protocols: 14 consecutive days of self-administration, 5 days/week for 3 weeks, with a 2-day interval between 5-day blocks of self-administration, and 3 days/week for 3 weeks, with a 4-day interval between 3-day blocks of self-administration. Daytime activity and activity-based sleep measures were evaluated with Actiwatch monitors a week before (baseline parameters) and throughout each protocol.

Results

Methamphetamine self-administration markedly disrupted sleep-like measures and increased daytime activity. Tolerance developed to those effects with repeated methamphetamine intake exceeding five consecutive days. Inclusion of washout periods (2 or 4 days) between blocks of methamphetamine self-administration attenuated the development of tolerance, with longer breaks from methamphetamine intake being more effective in maintaining the sleep-disrupting and stimulant effects of methamphetamine.

Conclusions

Tolerance can develop to the stimulant and sleep-disrupting effects of methamphetamine self-administration. Interruption of drug intake extends the effects of methamphetamine on sleep-like measures and daytime activity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Juliet Brown, Lisa Neidert, and Melis Odabas-Geldiay for their excellent assistance with the experiments. This research was supported by USPHS Grants DA10344 (LLH), DA031246 (LLH), and ODP51OD11132 (Yerkes), and AFIP and FAPESP Grant 2015/25482-3 (LFB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road N.E, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Laís F. Berro, Monica L. Andersen & Leonard L. Howell

  2. Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo, SP, 04021002, Brazil

    Laís F. Berro & Monica L. Andersen

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road N.E, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Leonard L. Howell

Authors
  1. Laís F. Berro
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  2. Monica L. Andersen
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  3. Leonard L. Howell
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Correspondence to Leonard L. Howell.

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Berro, L.F., Andersen, M.L. & Howell, L.L. Assessment of tolerance to the effects of methamphetamine on daytime and nighttime activity evaluated with actigraphy in rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology 234, 2277–2287 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4654-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4654-1

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