Skip to main content
Log in

Surface integrity of ultrasonic-assisted dry milling of SLM Ti6Al4V using polycrystalline diamond tool

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Surface roughness of conventional (CL) Ti6Al4V and selective laser melting (SLM) Ti6Al4V was investigated and contrasted using the method of conventional milling (CM) and ultrasonic-assisted milling (UAM) in this paper. Compared with the CL Ti6Al4V, results indicated that surface roughness of the SLM Ti6Al4V using the CM and UAM can be reduced by up to 37.5% and 18.3%, respectively. The surface roughness of SLM Ti6Al4V and CL Ti6Al4V using the UAM compared with that of CM can be reduced up to 23.3% and 19.1%, respectively. It was found that SEM topography(1500 ×) of the CL Ti6Al4V and the SLM Ti6Al4V has no prominent difference under the condition of CM or UAM. Moreover, it was observed that the SEM topography of the machined SLM Ti6Al4V or CL Ti6Al4V can be effectively improved using the UAM rather than the CM. Finally, the improvement mechanism of surface roughness was discussed and analyzed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The datasets supporting the results of this article are included within the article.

References

  1. Hourmand M, Sarhan AAD, Sayuti M, Hamdi M (2021) A comprehensive review on machining of titanium alloys. Arab J Sci Eng 46:7087–7123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Liang XL, Liu ZQ, Wang B (2019) State-of-the-art of surface integrity induced by tool wear effects in machining process of titanium and nickel alloys: A review. Measurement 132:150–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ezugwu EO, Bonney J, Yamane Y (2003) An overview of the machinability of aeroengine alloys. J Mater Process Technol 134:233–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Yao CF, Tan L, Ren JX, Lin Q, Liang YS (2014) Surface integrity and fatigue behavior for high-speed milling Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al titanium alloy. J Fail Anal Prev 14:102–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Shokrani A, Dhokia V, Newman ST (2016) Investigation of the effects of cryogenic machining on surface integrity in CNC end milling of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. J Manuf Process 21:172–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Shokrani A, Samarrai IA, Newman ST (2019) Hybrid cryogenic MQL for improving tool life in machining of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. J Manuf Process 43:229–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kaynak Y, Gharibi A, Yılmaz U, Köklü U, Aslantaş K (2018) A comparison of flood cooling, minimum quantity lubrication and high pressure coolant on machining and surface integrity of titanium Ti-5553 alloy. J Manuf Process 34:503–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lian YS, Long YY, Zhao GL, Mu CL, Li XM, Deng JX, Xie CP (2020) Performance of CrCN-WS2 hard/soft composite coated tools in dry cutting of titanium alloys. J Manuf Process 54:201–209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Xu MR, Li CP, Kurniawan R, Park GC, Chen JL, Ko TJ (2022) Study on surface integrity of titanium alloy machined by electrical discharge-assisted milling. J Mater Process Technol 299:117334

  10. Aoud BE, Boujelbene M, Boudjemline A, Bayraktar E, Salem SB, Elbadawi I (2021) Investigation of cut edge microstructure and surface roughness obtained by laser cutting of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Materials Today: Proceedings 44:2775–2780

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kalantari O, Jafarian F, Fallah MM (2021) Comparative investigation of surface integrity in laser assisted and conventional machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. J Manuf Process 62:90–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lu ZH, Zhang DY, Zhang XY, Peng ZL (2020) Effects of high-pressure coolant on cutting performance of high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting titanium alloy. J Mater Process Technol 279:116584

  13. Yip WS, To S, Sun ZW (2021) Hybrid ultrasonic vibration and magnetic field assisted diamond cutting of titanium alloys. J Manuf Process 62:743–752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Tan L , Yao CF, Zhang DH, Ren JX, Shen XH, Zhou Z (2020) Effects of different mechanical surface treatments on surface integrity of TC17 alloys. Surf Coat Technol 398:126073

  15. Tan R, Zhao XS, Guo SS, Zou XC, He Y, Geng YQ, Hu ZJ, Sun T (2020) Sustainable production of dry-ultra-precision machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using PCD tool under ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted cutting. J Clean Prod 248:119254

  16. Huang X, Bai Q, Li YT, Zhang B (2017) Machining finish of titanium alloy prepared by additive manufacturing. Appl Mech Mater 872:43–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Revuru RS, Posinasetti NR, VSN VR, Amrita M, (2017) Application of cutting fluids in machining of titanium alloys-a review. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 91:2477–2498

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Osman KA, Ünver HÖ, Şeker U (2019) Application of minimum quantity lubrication techniques in machining process of titanium alloy for sustainability: a review. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 100:2311–2332

  19. Agrawal C, Wadhwa J, Pitroda A, Pruncu CI, Sarikaya M, Khanna N (2021) Comprehensive analysis of tool wear, tool life, surface roughness, costing and carbon emissions in turning Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy: cryogenic versus wet machining. Tribol Int 153:106597

  20. Ha SJ, Lim DW, Kim JH, Park JY, Song KH (2021) Economic evaluation and machining performance in Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy milling by integrated CO2 & MQL injection system. J Mech Sci Technol 35(9):4135–4142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Peng ZL, Zhang XY, Zhang DY (2021) Improvement of Ti-6Al-4V surface integrity through the use of high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting. Tribol Int 160:107025

  22. Bagherzadeh A, Kuram E, Budak E(2021) Experimental evaluation of eco-friendly hybrid cooling methods in slot milling of titanium alloy. J Clean Prod 289:125817

  23. Wu X, Zeng K, Zhong L, Shen JY, Li L (2021) Hybrid micro-milling assisted with laser oxidation based on the hardness reduction that caused by cemented carbide oxidation. Ceram Int 47(24):35144–35151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Chen N, Li HN, Wu JM, Li ZJ, Li L, Liu GY, He N(2021) Advances in micro milling: from tool fabrication to process outcomes. Int J Mach Tool Manuf 160:103670

  25. Silva RBD, Machado ÁR, Ezugwu EO, Bonney J, Sales WF (2013) Tool life and wear mechanisms in high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with PCD tools under various coolant pressures. J Mater Process Technol 213(8):1459–1464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ezugwu EO, Bonney J, Silva RBD, Çakir O (2007) Surface integrity of finished turned Ti-6Al-4V alloy with PCD tools using conventional and high pressure coolant supplies. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 47(6):884–891

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Su YS, Li L, Wang G, Zhong XQ (2018) Cutting mechanism and performance of high-speed machining of a titanium alloy using a super-hard textured tool. J Manuf Process 34:706–712

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Su YS, Li Z, Li L, Wang JB, Gao H, Wang G (2017) Cutting performance of micro-textured polycrystalline diamond tool in dry cutting. J Manuf Process 27:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Campos FO, Araujo AC, Munhoz ALJ, Kapoor SG (2020) The influence of additive manufacturing on the micromilling machinability of Ti6Al4V: A comparison of SLM and commercial workpieces. J Manuf Process 60:299–307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Hojati F, Daneshi A, Soltani B, Azarhoushang B, Biermann D (2020) Study on machinability of additively manufactured and conventional titanium alloys in micro-milling process. Precis Eng 62:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Bonaiti G, Parenti P, Annoni M, Kapoor S (2017) Micro-milling machinability of DED additive titanium Ti-6Al-4V. Procedia Manuf 10:497–509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Khanna N, Zadafiya K, Patel T, Kaynak Y, Rashid RAR, Vafadar A (2021) Review on machining of additively manufactured Nickel and Titanium alloys. J Market Res 15:3192–3221

    Google Scholar 

  33. Shen XH, Zhang JH, Li H, Wang JJ, Wang XC (2012) Ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling of aluminum alloy. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 63:41–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Vermaa GC, Pandey PM (2019) Machining forces in ultrasonic-vibration assisted end milling. Ultrasonics 94:350–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Peng ZL, Zhang XY, Zhang DY (2021) Effect of radial high-speed ultrasonic vibration cutting on machining performance during finish turning of hardened steel. Ultrasonics 111:1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Xu WX, Zhang LC (2015) Ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining: principle, design and application. Adv Manuf 3:173–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China (1808085ME117), Cultivating outstanding talents in colleges and universities(gxgnfx2019013), New material preparation and printing process development based on SLM (2020ybxm03) and Young and middle-aged Top Talent Program of Anhui Polytechnic University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Yongsheng Su: ideas, methodology, milling experiments, and writing-original draft. Liang Li: experimental method guidance.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yongsheng Su.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Consent to participate in this study was obtained from all the authors.

Consent to publish

Consent for publication was obtained from all the authors.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Su, Y., Li, L. Surface integrity of ultrasonic-assisted dry milling of SLM Ti6Al4V using polycrystalline diamond tool. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 119, 5947–5956 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-08669-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-08669-4

Keywords

Navigation