Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of plastic anisotropy of ZK60 magnesium alloy sheet on its forming characteristics during deep drawing process

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The plastic anisotropy of a ZK60 magnesium alloy sheet was investigated using uniaxial tensile tests and deep drawing tests. The earing behavior of the sheet during deep drawing was studied by both experimental and finite element analyses. The ZK60 alloy sheet exhibits higher plastic strain ratio (r) value in 45° than those in 0° and 90° to rolling direction, and the r value decreases with temperature increasing in various loading directions. A negative planar anisotropy (△r) value results in earing in 45° to rolling direction. Higher absolute value of △r leads to larger average earing ratios. With drawing ratio (DR) increasing, the average earing ratio first increases to a peak and then drops, showing a bell-shape curve. The average earing ratio of cylindrical drawn cup increases as the deep drawing proceeds. At the shoulder region of drawn cups, the most reduction in thickness strain occurs in 45° to rolling direction of the sheet. At the necking region, the minimum thickness strain in 0° is lower than those in 45° and 90° directions. At the thickening region, the minimum thickness strain in 45° is lower than those in 0° and 90° directions due to the large circumferential compression stress and the large negative value of planar anisotropy △r value.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Li QZ, Tian B (2012) Mechanical properties and microstructure of pure polycrystalline magnesium rolled by different routes. Mater Lett 67:81–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Kulekci MK (2008) Magnesium and its alloys applications in automotive industry. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 39:851–865

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Agnew SR, Duygulu Ö (2005) Plastic anisotropy and the role of non-basal slip in magnesium alloy AZ31B. Int J Plast 21:1161–1193

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Kleiner S, Uggowitzer PJ (2004) Mechanical anisotropy of extruded Mg-6% Al-1% Zn alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 379:258–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Song B, Xin RL, Guo N, Xu JB, Sun LY, Liu Q (2015) Dependence of tensile and compressive deformation behavior on aging precipitation in rolled ZK60 alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 639:724–731

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Chan LC, Lu XZ (2014) Material sensitivity and formability prediction of warm-forming magnesium alloy sheets with experimental verification. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 71:253–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yan H, Chen RS, Han EH (2010) Room-temperature ductility and anisotropy of two rolled Mg-Zn-Gd alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 527:3317–3322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Saxena RK, Dixit PM (2009) Finite element simulation of earing defect in deep drawing. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 45:219–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Kishor N, Ravi Kumar D (2002) Optimization of initial blank shape to minimize earing in deep drawing using finite element method. J Mater Process Technol 130–131:20–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Doege E, Seidel M (1988) Influence of anisotropy in sheet metal forming. Model Metal Form Process 123–130

  11. Jung DW, Song IS, Yang DY (1995) An improved method for the application of blank-holding force considering the sheet thickness in the deep-drawing simulation of planar anisotropic sheet. J Mater Process Technol 52:472–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ohwue T, Kobayashi Y (2014) Analysis of earing in circular-shell deep-drawing of bcc and hcp sheet metals. Procedia Eng 81:887–892

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Yi S, Bohelen J, Heinemann F, Letzig D (2010) Mechanical anisotropy and deep drawing behavior of AZ31 and ZE10 magnesium alloy sheets. Acta Mater 58:592–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Keeler SP (1968) Understanding sheet metal formability. National Steel Corporation, USA

    Google Scholar 

  15. Leu D-K (1997) Prediction of the limiting drawing ratio and the maximum drawing load in the cup drawing. Int J Mach Tools Manuf 37(2):201–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Zhang SH, Zhang K, Xu YC, Wang ZT, Xu Y, Wang ZG (2007) Deep-drawing of magnesium alloy sheets at warm temperatures. J Mater Process Technol 185:147–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Barlat F, Lian J (1989) Plastic behavior and stretch ability of sheet metals. Part I. A yield function for orthotropic sheets under plane stress conditions. Int J Plast 5:51–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu HW, Yao SJ, Liu WL (2007) Forming limit diagram of magnesium alloy ZK60 at elevated temperature. Adv Mater Res 308–310:2442–2445

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lin P, He ZB, Yuan SJ, Shen J (2012) Tensile deformation behavior of Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy at elevated temperatures. Mater Sci Eng A 556(11):617–624

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Chino Y, Kimura K, Hakamada M, Mabuchi M (2008) Mechanical anisotropy due to twinning in an extruded AZ31 Mg alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 485:311–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gall S, Coelho RS, Müller S, Reimers W (2013) Mechanical properties and forming behavior of extruded AZ31 and ME21 magnesium alloy sheets. Mater Sci Eng A 579:180–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Hosford WF, Caddell RM (2007) Metal forming: metallurgy and mechanics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  23. Shimizu T, Ogawa M, Yang M, Manabe K (2014) Plastic anisotropy of ultra-thin rolled phosphor bronze foils and its thickness strain evolution in micro-deep drawing. Mater Des 56:604–612

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium-Based Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China

    Peng Lin, Ying Sun, Chengzhong Chi & Wenxian Wang

Authors
  1. Peng Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ying Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chengzhong Chi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wenxian Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peng Lin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lin, P., Sun, Y., Chi, C. et al. Effect of plastic anisotropy of ZK60 magnesium alloy sheet on its forming characteristics during deep drawing process. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 88, 1629–1637 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-8816-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-8816-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation