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Full factorial design analysis of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in simulated thermite reaction propagation

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Abstract

This research investigates the effects of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters on simulated Fe\(_{{2}}\)O\(_{{3}}\)–2Al thermite reaction propagation. For that, a full-factorial design was applied. Five parameters were investigated: mixture density (A), thermal conductivity (B), specific heat (C), activation energy (D), and pre-exponential factor (E). Among these factors investigated, the activation energy, the specific heat, and their two-factor interaction had by far the highest percentage contribution of effects in the five responses observed: burning velocity, thickness of the reaction zone, peak temperature, ignition temperature, and ignition delay. Higher activation energy and specific heat resulted in a slower and thicker reaction propagation wave that required a longer time to ignite and reached a lower peak temperature. However, while activation energy affected the ignition temperature positively, the specific heat presented a negative effect. The remaining parameters had less pronounced effects but were significant in all five responses. Moreover, regression models of burning velocity, thickness, and ignition delay responses were estimated, which allowed mapping effects on these responses through contour plots of the main two-factor interactions.

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Abbreviations

A :

Density

B :

Thermal conductivity

C :

Specific heat at constant pressure

D :

Arrhenius activation energy

E :

Arrhenius pre-exponential factor

d :

Thickness of the reaction zone

k :

Number of main factors

n :

Number of replicates

PC:

Percent contribution

r :

Radius

R :

Ideal gas constant

\(R^{2}\) :

Coefficient of determination

SS:

Sum of squares

T :

Temperature

\(T_\textrm{ign} \) :

Ignition temperature

v :

Burning velocity

\(\beta \) :

Regression coefficient

\(\eta \) :

Extend of reaction

\(\tau \) :

Ignition delay

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to CAPES, FAPESP and CNPq, research funding agencies in Brazil, for their consistent financial support during the last twenty years. Thanks are also due to PETROBRAS, Brazil, for support during the early stages of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Energia - IEME, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica - ITA, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228-900, Brazil

    Kesiany M. de Souza & Marcelo J. S. de Lemos

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  1. Kesiany M. de Souza
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  2. Marcelo J. S. de Lemos
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Correspondence to Marcelo J. S. de Lemos.

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de Souza, K.M., de Lemos, M.J.S. Full factorial design analysis of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in simulated thermite reaction propagation. Continuum Mech. Thermodyn. 35, 2219–2238 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-023-01243-7

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