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Stress relaxation behavior of isotropic and anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers

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Abstract

The paper presents an experimental study and numerical simulation of stress relaxation behavior of isotropic and anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) made from silicone rubber filled with micro-sized carbonyl iron powder. Effects of applied constant strains and magnetic fields of an electromagnet on the stress relaxation of the MREs were investigated for 10 h using the single relaxation test with double-lap shear samples. The isotropic MRE showed a linearly elastic behavior, while the anisotropic MRE indicated a highly nonlinear elastic response. The shear stress and relaxation modulus of anisotropic MRE are much higher than those of isotropic MRE. The shear stress of the MREs increased with increasing the constant strain, while their relaxation modulus decreased. The shear stress and relaxation modulus of the MREs within the first 0.25 h boosted with raising the magnetic flux density to about 0.5 T. However, the shear stress and relaxation modulus of the MREs under strong magnetic fields declined considerably after 0.25 h testing. This reduction was attributed to the temperature rise in the MRE samples caused by the heating of the electromagnet. The stress relaxation behavior of the MREs was examined using a four-parameter fractional derivative model. The model parameters were obtained by fitting the relaxation modulus to the measured data of the MREs. The shear stress and relaxation modulus with long-term predictions estimated from the studied model were in good agreement with the measured data for the MREs at various applied strains and under low magnetic fields. The model-predicted values did not agree well with the experimental data of the MREs under high magnetic fields because of the sample temperature gain caused by heat generation of the electromagnet. Therefore, the investigated model can be used to predict the long-term relaxation stress of the MREs under high magnetic fields of permanent magnets.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and the European Union - European Structural and Investment Funds in the frames of Operational Program Research, Development and Education -Project Hybrid Materials for Hierarchical Structures (HyHi, Reg. No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000843).

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  1. Department of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 461 17, Liberec 1, Czech Republic

    Tran Huu Nam, I. Petríková & B. Marvalová

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Nam, T.H., Petríková, I. & Marvalová, B. Stress relaxation behavior of isotropic and anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers. Continuum Mech. Thermodyn. 36, 299–315 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-022-01097-5

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