Abstract
Urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin is the main commercial adhesive used for medium-density fiberboard (MDF) manufacturing. UF resin is used to produce MDF of high quality. However, this production process of MDF releases formaldehyde in the environment. In this scenario, a mix of crude glycerol, citric acid, and tannin was used as a binder to replace UF resin in MDF manufacturing. A bio-based adhesive content of 14%, and two pressing times (420 s and 630 s) for MDF manufacturing in the laboratory were used. The effect of bio-based adhesive and pressing time on the physical and mechanical properties of MDF were investigated. According to results obtained, modulus of elasticity (2382 MPa and 2439 MPa), modulus of rupture (14.38 MPa and 14.43 MPa), and internal bonding strength (0.79 MPa and 0.90 MPa) of MDF panels are meeting requirements of the A208.2-2016 standard of the American National Standard Institute. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that polymer cured at 630 s showed a higher thermal stability in comparison to polymer cured at 420 s. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis shows the spectra of polymer with the peak at 1714 cm−1 and 1716 cm−1. The results showed the potential of the mix of crude glycerol and citric acid to replace UF resin in MDF manufacturing.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for the financial support through its discovery grant, IRC and CRD programs (RGPIN-2015-05683, IRCPJ 461745-18, and RDCPJ 524504-18) as well as the industrial partners of the NSERC industrial chair on eco-responsible wood construction (CIRCERB).
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Segovia, F., Blanchet, P. & Essoua, G.G.E. Potential of the crude glycerol and citric acid mixture as a binder in medium-density fiberboard manufacturing. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 79, 1141–1151 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-021-01719-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-021-01719-w