Abstract
Eco-friendly wood-based engineering materials have often received considerable interest worldwide because of their high specific strength/stiffness and biodegradability. To design and enhance an axially compressive member of a wooden structure, a pyramidal lattice core sandwich structure was fabricated with larch sawn timber as the face sheet and birch dowel as the core by using a slotting and adhesive bonding approach. A flatwise compressive experiment was conducted to reveal the compressive behavior and failure modes of the structure. The enhanced designs of the face sheet and the core were based on the failure mechanism and mechanical properties of raw materials. Theoretical analysis and finite element method were applied to predict the structural compressive behavior. Comparison of theoretical, numerical, and experimental results suggested good agreement in the structural compressive response. The results revealed that the reasonable design of the face sheet and the core played an important role in the compressive response and failure modes of the wood-based pyramidal lattice core sandwich structure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahn D-G (2015) Research trends of metallic sandwich plates with single layer periodically repeated metallic inner structures (PRMIS)—focused on design, manufacturing and formability. Int J Precis Eng Manuf Green Technol 2:377–391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-015-0046-3
Banerjee S, Bhattacharyya D (2011) Optimal design of sandwich panels made of wood veneer hollow cores. Compos Sci Technol 71:425–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.12.011
Chen Z, Yan N, Deng J, Smith G (2011) Flexural creep behavior of sandwich panels containing Kraft paper honeycomb core and wood composite skins. Mater Sci Eng A 528:5621–5626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.03.092
Chen H, Zheng Q, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Fan H (2012) Mechanical property of lattice truss material in sandwich panel including strut flexural deformation. Compos Struct 94:3448–3456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.06.004
Chen Z, Yan N, Sam-Brew S, Smith G, Deng J (2014) Investigation of mechanical properties of sandwich panels made of paper honeycomb core and wood composite skins by experimental testing and finite element (FE) modelling methods. Eur J Wood Prod 72:311–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-014-0782-z
Deshpande VS, Fleck NA, Ashby MF (2001) Effective properties of the octet-truss lattice material. J Mech Phys Solids 49:1747–1769. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5096(01)00010-2
Evans AG, Hutchinson JW, Fleck NA, Ashby MF, Wadley HNG (2001) The topological design of multifunctional cellular metals. Prog Mater Sci 46:309–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6425(00)00016-5
Fan H, Yang W (2007) Development of lattice materials with high specific stiffness and strength. Adv Mech 37(1):99–112
Fernandez-Cabo JL, Majano-Majano A, San-Salvador Ageo L, Ávila-Nieto M (2010) Development of a novel façade sandwich panel with low-density wood fibres core and wood-based panels as faces. Eur J Wood Prod 69:459–470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0468-0
Finnegan K, Kooistra G, Wadley HNG, Deshpande VS (2007) The compressive response of carbon fiber composite pyramidal truss sandwich cores. Int J Mater Res 98:1264–1272
Hao M, Hu Y, Wang B, Liu S (2017) Mechanical behavior of natural fiber-based isogrid lattice cylinder. Compos Struct 176:117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.05.028
Huang J (2012) Practical wood manual. Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Shanghai
Jin M, Hu Y, Wang B (2015) Compressive and bending behaviours of wood-based two-dimensional lattice truss core sandwich structures. Compos Struct 124:337–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.01.033
Kepler JA (2011) Simple stiffness tailoring of balsa sandwich core material. Compos Sci Technol 71:46–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.10.002
Li F-M, Lyu X-X (2014) Active vibration control of lattice sandwich beams using the piezoelectric actuator/sensor pairs. Compos B Eng 67:571–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.08.016
Li J, Hunt JF, Gong S, Cai Z (2014) High strength wood-based sandwich panels reinforced with fiberglass and foam. BioResources 9:1898–1913
Li B, Li Z, Zhou J, Ye L, Li E (2015) Damage localization in composite lattice truss core sandwich structures based on vibration characteristics. Compos Struct 126:34–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.02.046
Li J, Hunt JF, Gong S, Cai Z (2016) Improved fatigue performance for wood-based structural panels using slot and tab construction. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 82:235–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.12.017
Li S, Qin J, Li C, Feng Y, Zhao X, Hu Y (2018) Optimization and compressive behavior of composite 2-D lattice structure. Mech Adv Mater Struct. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2018.1504361
Liu Y, Zhao G (2012) Wood science. China Forestry Press, Beijing
Liu Y, Zhou C, Cen B et al (2017) Compression property of a novel lattice sandwich structure. Compos B Eng 117:130–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.02.036
Lou J, Wu L, Ma L, Xiong J, Wang B (2014) Effects of local damage on vibration characteristics of composite pyramidal truss core sandwich structure. Compos B Eng 62:73–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.02.012
Manalo AC (2013) Behaviour of fibre composite sandwich structures under short and asymmetrical beam shear tests. Compos Struct 99:339–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.12.010
Manalo AC, Aravinthan T, Karunasena W (2010) Flexural behaviour of glue-laminated fibre composite sandwich beams. Compos Struct 92:2703–2711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.03.006
Norouzi H, Rostamiyan Y (2015) Experimental and numerical study of flatwise compression behavior of carbon fiber composite sandwich panels with new lattice cores. Constr Build Mater 100:22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.09.046
Sargianis JJ, Kim H-I, Andres E, Suhr J (2013) Sound and vibration damping characteristics in natural material based sandwich composites. Compos Struct 96:538–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.09.006
Wadley HNG (2006) Multifunctional periodic cellular metals. Philos Trans 364(1838):31–68. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1697
Wang L, Lu Z, Shen S (2003) Study on twelve elastic constant values of Betula platyphylla Suk. wood. J Beijing For Univ 25:64–67
Wang B, Wu L, Ma L, Sun Y, Du S (2010) Mechanical behavior of the sandwich structures with carbon fiber-reinforced pyramidal lattice truss core. Mater Des 1980–2015(31):2659–2663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.061
Wang L, Hu Y, Zhang X (2017) An automatic positioning and perforating device of wooden engineering materials lattice sandwich structure. China Patent ZL 201720761785.3, 2018.02.13
Yang D, Hu Y, Fan C (2018) Compression behaviors of wood-based lattice sandwich structures. BioResources 13:6577–6590. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.6577-6590
Zhang J (2014) Abaqus 6.12 Finite element analysis from entry to mastery. China Machine Press, Beijing
Zhang G, Wang B, Ma L, Xiong J, Wu L (2013) Response of sandwich structures with pyramidal truss cores under the compression and impact loading. Compos Struct 100:451–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.01.012
Acknowledgements
Supports of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470581), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2572016EBJ1) are gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, L., Hu, Y., Zhang, X. et al. Design and compressive behavior of a wood-based pyramidal lattice core sandwich structure. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 78, 123–134 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-019-01487-8
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-019-01487-8