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Effects of addictive drugs on adult neural stem/progenitor cells

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Abstract

Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) undergo a series of developmental processes before giving rise to newborn neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in adult neurogenesis. During the past decade, the role of NSPCs has been highlighted by studies on adult neurogenesis modulated by addictive drugs. It has been proven that these drugs regulate the proliferation, differentiation and survival of adult NSPCs in different manners, which results in the varying consequences of adult neurogenesis. The effects of addictive drugs on NSPCs are exerted via a variety of different mechanisms and pathways, which interact with one another and contribute to the complexity of NSPC regulation. Here, we review the effects of different addictive drugs on NSPCs, and the related experimental methods and paradigms. We also discuss the current understanding of major signaling molecules, especially the putative common mechanisms, underlying such effects. Finally, we review the future directions of research in this area.

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Abbreviations

5-HT:

5-Hydroxytryptamine

AEA:

Anandamide

AR:

Adrenergic receptor

BDNF:

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

BLBP:

Brain lipid-binding protein

bHLH:

Basic helix–loop–helix

BrdU:

Bromodeoxyuridine

Cdk:

Cyclin-dependent kinase

CPP:

Conditioned place preference

DADLE:

[d-Ala2, d-Leu5]-Enkephalin

DCX:

Doublecortin

DG:

Dentate gyrus

DHT:

Dihydrotestosterone

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acidic protein

GPCR:

G protein-coupled receptor

JNK:

c-Jun N-terminal kinase

MAP:

Microtubule-associated protein

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MDMA:

3,4-Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine

METH:

Methamphetamine

MPH:

Methylphenidate

nAChR:

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

NeuroD1:

Neurogenic differentiation 1

Ngn2:

Neurogenin 2

NSPC:

Neural stem/progenitor cell

OPRD1:

δ-Opioid receptor

OPRM1:

μ-Opioid receptor

Pax6:

Paired-box 6

PCNA:

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

PI3K:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase

pHisH3:

Phosphorylated histone H3

Prox1:

Prospero homeobox 1

PSA-NCAM:

Polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecule

SGZ:

Subgranular zone

SVZ:

Subventricular zone

Tbr:

T-box brain

TRBP:

TAR RNA-binding protein

Tuj1:

βIII-tubulin

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

YY1:

Yin Yang 1

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Chi Xu, Horace H. Loh & Ping-Yee Law

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Xu, C., Loh, H.H. & Law, PY. Effects of addictive drugs on adult neural stem/progenitor cells. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 73, 327–348 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2067-z

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