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Markedly elevated CD64 expression on neutrophils and monocytes as a biomarker for diagnosis and therapy assessment in Kawasaki disease

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Abstract

Objective

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most commonly encountered inflammatory disease in children. However, its pathogenesis and diagnostic biomarkers have not been fully investigated. We examined the activation of neutrophils and monocytes in KD.

Methods

We studied the expression of the Fcγ-receptors CD64 and CD16 on neutrophils and monocytes in KD before and after the treatment with intravenous infusion of high dose immunoglobulin (IVIG). Bacterial infections were addressed as well.

Results

CD64 expression on neutrophils and monocytes was dramatically increased at the onset of KD flare-ups, but later decreased just after IVIG. Similarly, CD16-positive monocytes were observed at the onset and were less apparent after therapy. The addition of immunoglobulin did not block the expression of CD64 or CD16 in vitro. Serum G-CSF in the majority of patients, and IFN-γ in some patients, were elevated during flares but decreased after treatment.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate that remarkable CD64 expression during KD flare-ups may serve as a biomarker for diagnosis. Evaluation of CD64 is also potentially useful for the determination of treatment efficacy in KD.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infection and Host Defense, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan

    Sho Hokibara, Keiko Kobayashi & Kazunaga Agematsu

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Suwa Red Cross Hospital, Suwa, Japan

    Sho Hokibara

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan

    Norimoto Kobayashi & Tomonari Shigemura

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu Ueda Medical Center, Ueda, Japan

    Haruo Nagumo

  5. Department of Pediatrics, Azumino Red Cross Hospital, Azumino, Japan

    Masahiro Takizawa

  6. Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan

    Takashi Yamazaki

Authors
  1. Sho Hokibara
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  2. Norimoto Kobayashi
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  3. Keiko Kobayashi
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  4. Tomonari Shigemura
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  7. Takashi Yamazaki
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  8. Kazunaga Agematsu
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Correspondence to Kazunaga Agematsu.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Responsible Editor: Yoshiya Tanaka.

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Hokibara, S., Kobayashi, N., Kobayashi, K. et al. Markedly elevated CD64 expression on neutrophils and monocytes as a biomarker for diagnosis and therapy assessment in Kawasaki disease. Inflamm. Res. 65, 579–585 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-016-0942-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-016-0942-1

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