Abstract
Hypoxia or low oxygen concentration is one of the major physiological parameters within tumor microenvironment (TME). It has a profound effect in critical steps of tumor progression ranging from angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis to metastasis and resistance to cancer therapies. It is regulated by a family of transcription factor HIF-1α, which is a master regulator controlling a wide variety of genes involved in cancer progression. In recent years, it has proved to be a major targeted therapy owing to its poor prognosis and failure of cancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, which are mostly oxygen dependent. But several factors have proved to be obstacles in targeting hypoxic cells such as delivery of drugs due to aberrant blood vessels, poor selectivity, and severely hypoxic cells that have stopped dividing. Therefore, high selectivity, efficient delivery, and selective cytotoxicity are necessary while targeting hypoxic cells. Hence, understanding the biology of tumor hypoxia is quintessential in suppressing its effect, increasing the efficiency toward current cancer treatment. This chapter aims to describe several biological and molecular aspects of hypoxia, its clinical aspect and diagnosis, along with the recent cancer therapies specifically targeting hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
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University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India, is acknowledged for the award of Junior Research Fellowship (JRF). Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneshwar Regional Centre of Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, and lab members.
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Dutta, S., Sahoo, S.K. (2023). Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment: Driver for Cancer Progression. In: Mukherjee, S., Kanwar, J.R. (eds) Hypoxia in Cancer: Significance and Impact on Cancer Therapy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0313-9_4
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