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Application of Pseudotyped Viruses

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Pseudotyped Viruses

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1407))

Abstract

Highly pathogenic emerging and reemerging viruses have serious public health and socioeconomic implications. Although conventional live virus research methods can more reliably investigate disease pathogenicity and evaluate antiviral products, they usually depend on high-level biosafety laboratories and skilled researchers; these requirements hinder in vitro assessments of efficacy, as well as efforts to test vaccines and antibody drugs. In contrast, pseudotyped viruses (i.e., single-round infectious viruses that mimic the membrane structures of various live viruses) are widely used in studies of highly pathogenic viruses because they can be handled in biosafety level 2 facilities. This chapter provides a concise overview of various aspects of pseudotyped virus technologies, including (1) exploration of the mechanisms of viral infection; (2) evaluation of the efficacies of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies based on pseudovirion-based neutralization assay; (3) assessment of antiviral agents (i.e., antibody-based drugs and inhibitors); (4) establishment of animal models of pseudotyped virus infection in vivo; (5) investigation of the evolution, infectivity, and antigenicity of viral variants and viral glycosylation; and (6) prediction of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity.

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Abbreviations

ACE2:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

ADCC:

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

BASV:

Bas-Congo virus

COVID-19:

Coronavirus disease 2019

DPP4:

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4

EBOV:

Ebola virus

EV71:

Enterovirus 71

EV71:

Enterovirus 71

hACE2:

Human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

HPV:

Human papillomavirus

MARV:

Marburg virus

MERS-CoV:

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

NiV:

Nipah virus

PBNA:

Pseudovirion-based neutralization assay

SARS-CoV:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

SARS-CoV-2:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

VSV:

Vesicular stomatitis virus

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ryan Chastain-Gross, Ph.D., from Liwen Bianji (Edanz) (www.liwenbianji.cn/) for editing the English text of a draft of this manuscript.

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  1. Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC) and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, Beijing, China

    Qianqian Cui & Weijin Huang

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  1. Qianqian Cui
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Correspondence to Weijin Huang .

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  1. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

    Youchun Wang

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Cui, Q., Huang, W. (2023). Application of Pseudotyped Viruses. In: Wang, Y. (eds) Pseudotyped Viruses. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1407. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_3

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