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Phytochemically Rich Medicinally Important Plant Families

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Phytochemical Genomics

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Abstract

Plants are rich in phytochemicals and they use them for their basic processes including growth and development. Besides playing pivotal roles in the plants, phytochemicals also have different biological activities such as antiviral, antitumour, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. Many of the plant-based compounds have shown health-promoting activities. Medicinal plants are still used in various countries for primary health-care purposes due to their bioactivities. Scientists have tried to isolate the active compounds from the plants which have medicinal properties during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Secondary metabolites including alkaloid, saponins, lignans and terpenes are produced through numerous biosynthetic pathways, including shikimate, malonyl-CoA, mevalonate and pentose phosphate pathways. Among the angiosperms, it has been reported that Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae and Solanaceae are the major plant families rich in phytochemicals. Due to their huge medicinal importance, researchers are now attempting to obtain plant-derived bioactive compounds in higher amounts for their usage in nutraceuticals and medicinal industries. This book chapter includes information about phytochemical extraction, biosynthesis and their biological activities in some important plant families including Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Lamiaceae and Lauraceae.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for providing funds (MLP-201). V.J. also thanks the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) for the Early Career Research Award and Department of Science and Technology (DST) for the INSPIRE faculty award. HG and PK thank CSIR for the Junior Research Fellowship. CSIR-IHBT communication number is 5025.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Himanshi Gangwar, Priya Kumari & Vandana Jaiswal

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Himanshi Gangwar, Priya Kumari & Vandana Jaiswal

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  1. Himanshi Gangwar
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  2. Priya Kumari
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  3. Vandana Jaiswal
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Correspondence to Vandana Jaiswal .

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, East West First Grade College of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Mallappa Kumara Swamy

  2. Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India

    Ajay Kumar

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Gangwar, H., Kumari, P., Jaiswal, V. (2022). Phytochemically Rich Medicinally Important Plant Families. In: Swamy, M.K., Kumar, A. (eds) Phytochemical Genomics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5779-6_2

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