Abstract
The robust evidence of the ketogenic diet’s (KD) success in the management of epilepsy has encouraged conducting studies on its effects in other neurological diseases. Despite disparities in characteristics, symptoms, and pathogenesis, these diseases share similar mechanisms that can be targeted by KD. The latter has been implicated in various neuroprotection processes, including neuronal energy replenishment, inflammation reduction, and gut microbiota modulation. Here, we review evidence from literature on the role of KD in the management and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders and motor dysfunction. We provide an overview of preclinical and clinical assessments to identify the current gaps that need to be filled in future research studies. Finally, we summarize the various adverse events that may be associated with KD implementation.
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Abbreviations
- ACA:
-
Acetoacetate
- AD:
-
Alzheimer’s disease
- AIS:
-
Abbreviated Injury Score
- ALS:
-
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- AMPK:
-
AMP-activated protein kinase
- ASC:
-
Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD
- ASD:
-
Autism spectrum disorder
- ASIA:
-
American Spinal Injury Association
- BDH:
-
β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase
- BHB:
-
Beta-hydroxybutyrate
- BMC:
-
Bone mineral contents
- BMD:
-
Bone mineral density
- CARS:
-
Childhood autism rating scale
- CAU:
-
Care as usual
- CNS:
-
Central nervous system
- CPZ:
-
Cuprizone
- DA:
-
Dopamine
- DMD:
-
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- EAE:
-
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- EPM:
-
Elevated plus maze
- FST:
-
Forced swim test
- GERD:
-
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- GI:
-
Gastrointestinal
- HDL:
-
high-density lipoprotein
- HFD:
-
High-fat diet
- IBM:
-
Inclusion body myositis
- KB:
-
Ketone bodies
- KD:
-
Ketogenic diet
- KDTs:
-
Ketogenic Dietary Therapies
- KME:
-
Ketone monoester
- LDL:
-
Low-density lipoprotein
- LGIT:
-
Low glycemic index treatment
- LPS:
-
Lipopolysaccharide
- MAD:
-
Modified Atkins diet
- MCT:
-
Medium-chain triglyceride diet,
- MDD:
-
Major depressive disorder
- MeS:
-
Metabolic syndrome
- MS:
-
Multiple sclerosis
- OFT:
-
Open field test
- PAS:
-
Parkinson Anxiety Scale
- PCS:
-
Post-concussion syndrome
- PD:
-
Parkinson’s disease
- RES:
-
Reactive electrophile species
- RNS:
-
Reactive nitrogen species
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- R-SDS:
-
Repeated social defeat stress
- SCI:
-
Spinal cord injury
- SD:
-
Standard diet
- TBI:
-
Traumatic brain injury
- UPDRS:
-
Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale
- VHF-KD:
-
Very-high-fat ketogenic diet
- WD:
-
Western diet
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Dakroub, F., Alkalamouni, H., Dakroub, R. (2022). Ketogenic Diet: Implications for Treatment and Injury in Neuropsychiatry and Motor Functioning. In: Mohamed, W., Kobeissy, F. (eds) Nutrition and Psychiatric Disorders. Nutritional Neurosciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5021-6_3
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