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Advances in Mycobacterial Laboratories: What Is the Latest Laboratory Approach to Diagnose and Manage Pulmonary TB?

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Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Prevention

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Abstract

Laboratory examination is one of the key factors in the management and diagnosis of TB as well as for, follow-up and decision to cure. So far, we have been using conventional smear microscopy and culture techniques; however, the situation has been changing in the last decade. As expected, conventional technologies are shifting to molecular-based technologies. Given the rapid nature of DNA-based molecular technologies, the turn-around time of reporting results, especially in Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection/identification and drug susceptibility testing, has reduced. Other technologies, such as, antigen detection using specimens other than sputum and the use of biomarkers (lipoarabinomannan, ESAT-6/CFP-10, and MPT64), have also become available in clinical practices. The new laboratory examinations have many advantages, although new problems have also emerged. In-depth knowledge of the merits and demerits of the new laboratory examinations is warranted, which will provide useful information if we can realize the details of each technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan

    Satoshi Mitarai

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  1. Satoshi Mitarai
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  1. Respiratory Medicine, NHO Ibarakihigashi National Hosp, Ibaraki, Japan

    Takefumi Saito

  2. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Masahiro Narita

  3. National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA

    Charles L. Daley

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Mitarai, S. (2022). Advances in Mycobacterial Laboratories: What Is the Latest Laboratory Approach to Diagnose and Manage Pulmonary TB?. In: Saito, T., Narita, M., Daley, C.L. (eds) Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Prevention. Respiratory Disease Series: Diagnostic Tools and Disease Managements. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3995-2_4

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