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Resilience: Concepts, Approaches, Indicators, and Interventions for Sustainability of Positive Mental Health

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Handbook of Health and Well-Being

Abstract

Resilience is broadly conceptualized as an individual’s positive adaptation to adversity which includes not only functioning well under adversity and overcoming difficulties but also becoming stronger after that. Resilience has been theorized under three broad approaches, (1) as an outcome, (2) as a trait, and (3) as a developmental process. Accordingly, the first set of research looks at outcomes after an adverse event (presence or absence of symptoms/distress and/or functioning, the second approach considers factors contributing to vulnerability and resilience, whereas the third approach looks at the process of developing and enhancing resilience. Blending of all these approaches is seen while formulating interventions for enhancing resilience. Mental health, happiness/positive emotions, and well-being/life satisfaction are considered as indicators of resilience. Mediating role of resilience in mental health and well-being has been established in the literature. Defining resilience for the purpose of research, assessment, and formulation of intervention continues to be plagued with lack of clarity. However, the resilience-based interventions largely aim at prevention of mental health problems and promotion of well-being. Resilience-based interventions are carried out in individual and group formats with face-to-face, and online modes. In addition, resilience interventions are used across age groups, settings  and formats. These intervention programs are found to be helpful in increasing resilience, well-being, positive emotions and coping across a number of groups such as students, working professionals, health service staff, individuals with medical and mental health conditions and those who work in emergency situations. Though resilience has been examined extensively, there is not enough clarity with respect to conceptualization, assessment, models of intervention and outcomes specific to resilience. Long-term studies for mental health outcomes are sparse. The chapter attempts to critically evaluate resilience with respect to the above-mentioned domains.

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  1. Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Bengaluru, India

    M. Manjula & Apoorva Srivastava

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    Sibnath Deb

  2. Florida, FL, USA

    Brian A. Gerrard

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Manjula, M., Srivastava, A. (2022). Resilience: Concepts, Approaches, Indicators, and Interventions for Sustainability of Positive Mental Health. In: Deb, S., Gerrard, B.A. (eds) Handbook of Health and Well-Being. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8263-6_26

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