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Application of Nanotherapeutics for Combating Human Protozoan Parasitic Infections

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Emerging Trends in Nanomedicine

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Abstract

Human protozoan parasitic diseases are major issue of concern mainly in the tropical regions of the world. Human protozoan parasitic diseases that have high morbidity and mortality rate include malaria, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis. The convetional treatments involved are not cost-effective and thus can’t be afforded by everyone. Also, vaccinations against these diseases have achieved limited success due to the incredible smartness of these protozoan parasites. Due to this, chemotherapy remains the mainstay for treatment and often high drug doses are administered leading to severe side effects and drug resistance in the parasites. The application of nanotechnology seems to be an attractive alternative approach to the conventional method. Nanoparticles are more effective as they have higher bioavailability, increased clearance rate and they can be engineered to be target-specific wherein they can affect the diseased cells only. This chapter discusses the current treatments used against these protozoan parasites and also their shortcomings. Different types of nanoparticles have been designed to target the parasites such as lipid-based, metallic/inorganic and polymeric based nanoparticles. Since nanoparticles are less toxic and can be engineered to be more effective in controlling and preventing parasitic diseases, it can show the way for future anti-parasitic treatments using nanotherapeutics.

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  1. Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Riti Mehta & Souvik Sengupta

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  1. Nanomaterials and Toxicology Lab, Division of Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Central Campus, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Sanjay Singh

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Mehta, R., Sengupta, S. (2021). Application of Nanotherapeutics for Combating Human Protozoan Parasitic Infections. In: Singh, S. (eds) Emerging Trends in Nanomedicine. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9920-0_7

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