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Marigold

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Floriculture and Ornamental Plants

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Abstract

Marigold (Tagetes sp.) belonging to Asteraceae family is an economically important flower crop grown worldwide for cut and loose flowers, bedding and pot plants, essential oils, carotenoid pigments for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purpose, etc. Marigold seed is the economic part that is being used for collection and conservation at low temperature storage and cryopreservation. Most of the accessions are conserved by OPGC (Ornamental Plant Germplasm Center) repository, USDA internationally, and ICAR-NBPGR, India, at national level. Tagetes species were also characterized for various traits such as essential oils, carotenoid pigments, thiophenes, flower yield related traits, biotic and abiotic stress related traits, etc. for further use in specific breeding purpose. Besides, marigold is also characterized using molecular markers RAPD, ISSR, UPR, SSR markers, and corelated with other economically important traits. Transcriptome assembly and digital gene expression profiling were also done by researchers in T. erecta to generate expression profiles of MS (Male sterile) and MF (Male fertile) plants. AGAMOUS subfamily proteins, encoded by MADS box family genes, play key roles in the determination of reproductive floral organs such as stamens, carpels, and ovules of marigold. The first chloroplast genome sequence of T. erecta was given in 2020 having 152,065 bp chloroplast genome size with 37.4% GC content. Transgenic technology was also successfully employed in marigold for modifying the various traits. Selection of appropriate cultivars for different seasons as each genotype performs differentially in different agroclimatic conditions, susceptibility to water logging, very low and high temperature, etc. are some of the major constraints in crop production.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Y.S. Parmer University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, HP, India

    Youdh Chand Gupta & Neelam Thakur

  2. ICAR-INARI, Regional Station, Katrain, Kullu-Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India

    M. R. Dhiman

  3. IARI, New Delhi, India

    Sapna Panwar & Namita Banyal

Authors
  1. Youdh Chand Gupta
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  2. Sapna Panwar
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  3. Namita Banyal
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  4. Neelam Thakur
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  5. M. R. Dhiman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Floriculture Division CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India

    S. K. Datta

  2. Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Y.S. Parmer University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, HP, India

    Youdh Chand Gupta

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Gupta, Y.C., Panwar, S., Banyal, N., Thakur, N., Dhiman, M.R. (2022). Marigold. In: Datta, S.K., Gupta, Y.C. (eds) Floriculture and Ornamental Plants. Handbooks of Crop Diversity: Conservation and Use of Plant Genetic Resources. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3518-5_1

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