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Murine Models to Study Acute and Chronic Bacterial Infections

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Model Organisms for Microbial Pathogenesis, Biofilm Formation and Antimicrobial Drug Discovery

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Abstract

Despite spectacular advances in gaining insights into the biology of bacterial pathogens and the human host and the availability of different classes of antibiotics, bacterial diseases continue to be a major killer around the world, affecting both the developing and developed nations. The latter half of the last century had witnessed a revolution in biomedical sciences and health science research, including research in infectious diseases. Although the discovery of antibiotics dates back to the late 1920s, little was known about the specific mechanisms underlying host–pathogen interactions that involve microbial pathogenesis and host immune responses before the introduction and widespread use of molecular techniques. In fact, the vast majority of knowledge in the field is generated in the last four decades, primarily through the experiments involving gene-modified host and pathogenic microorganisms. An expanding number of disease models have greatly helped the cause of better understanding of infectious diseases and development of novel therapeutics, including drugs and vaccines. However, murine models have remained invaluable to study human infections, including those caused by bacterial pathogens, because of the genetic, anatomical, and physiological similarities between the human and mouse and the ease of genetic and other manipulations (construction of transgenic, knockout, and humanized animals) of mouse. Laboratory-bred mice with homogeneous genetic backgrounds are cheap, easily available, and amenable to experimental interventions. This review discusses the current trends of the use of murine models to study different bacterial infections of the human and contrasts the traditional and more recent mouse models. A better understanding of various murine models, along with the advantages and limitations of each of them will offer new insights into the pathogenesis of acute and chronic bacterial infections and pave the way for better control of these diseases.

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  1. Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India

    Suparna Chakraborty & Santasabuj Das

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  1. Department of Microbiology School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India

    Busi Siddhardha

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India

    Madhu Dyavaiah

  3. Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Asad Syed

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Chakraborty, S., Das, S. (2020). Murine Models to Study Acute and Chronic Bacterial Infections. In: Siddhardha, B., Dyavaiah, M., Syed, A. (eds) Model Organisms for Microbial Pathogenesis, Biofilm Formation and Antimicrobial Drug Discovery. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1695-5_24

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