Abstract
Up to now the Epstein frame, as a standard magnetic measurement method, is still widely used in magnetic measurement, even though its advantages and disadvantages have been well recognized. As an application-oriented improvement, magnetic measurements based on the combination of Epstein frames of different sizes and loss data weighted processing have been proposed by the authors and briefly demonstrated in this chapter. According to a frequent request from industrial users, the multi-directional electromagnetic properties of the grain-oriented silicon steel are modeled using the 25 cm Epstein frame, in which the specimens are cut at different angles to the rolling direction. The magnetization curves (B–H) and the specific total loss curves (Bm–Wt) are measured at different sampling angles, meanwhile, the effects of the stress relief annealing on the electromagnetic properties are also examined.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Silvester and M. V. K. Chari, “Finite element solution of saturable magnetic field problems,” IEEE Power App. Syst., vol. PAS-89, pp; 1642–1651, Dec. 1970.
T. Yamamoto and Y. Ohya, “Single Sheet tester for measuring core losses and permeabilities in a silicon steel sheet,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, 1974, 10(2): 157–159.
T. Nakata, “Analysis of flux distribution of three phase three-limbed transformer core,” Electrical Engineering in Japan, vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 43–50,1975.
T. Nakata, Y. Ishihara, K. Yamada, and A. Sasano, “Nonlinear analysis of rotating flux in the T-joint of a three phase three phase transformer core,” in Proc. EPS Soft Magnetic Materials Conf., Bratislava, Sep. 1977, pp. 57–62.
A. Di. Napoli and R. Paggi, “Sizing of magnetic shield in saturated condition for large transformers,” in Proc. of IEEE PAS 1977, A77 663-8.
A. Di. Napoli and S. Vranco, “Anisotropic effect on magnetic field distribution in ferromagnetic region of transformer core,” presented at INTERMAG IEEE Conf., Boston, MA, Apr. 1980.
M. Chiampi, A. Negro, M. Tartaglia, “A finite element method to compute three-dimensional magnetic field distribution in transformer cores,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 16, pp. 1413–1419, Nov. 1980.
A. Di. Napoli and R. Paggi, “A Model of Anisotropic Grain-Oriented Steel,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 19, no. 4, 1983, pp. 1557–1561.
P. P. Silvester, and R. P. Gupta, “Effective computational models for anisotropic soft B-H curves,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 27, no. 5, 1991, pp. 3804–3807.
N. J. Layland, A. J. Moses, N. Takahashi, and T. Nakata, “Effects of shape on samples of silicon-iron on the directions of magnetic field and flux density,” Nonlinear Electromagnetic Systems, A. J. Moses and A. Basak (Eds.), IOS Press, 1996, pp:800–803.
M. Enokizono, K. Yuki, and S. Kawano, “An improved magnetic field analysis in oriented steel sheet by finite element method considering tensor reluctivity,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 31, no. 3, 1995, pp. 1797–1800.
M. Enokizono and N. Soda, “Finite-element analysis of transformer model core with measured reluctivity,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 33, pp. 4110–4112, May 1997.
D. Xie and Z. Cheng, “Development of magnetic characteristic modeling of electrical steel sheet in computational electromagnetics,” Electromagnetic field problems and applications-II, volume 22, TSI Press Series, USA, 2008, p. 351–355.
IEC 60404-2 Ed.3.1(2008): Magnetic Materials - Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame; Amendment 1.
IEC 60404-3Ed.2.2(2010): Magnetic Materials–Part 3: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel strip and sheet by means of a single sheet tester-Edition2.2;ConsolidatedReprint.
Z. Cheng, N. Takahashi, B. Forghani, A. Moses, P. Anderson, Y. Fan, T. Liu, X. Wang, Z. Zhao, and L. Liu, “Modeling of magnetic properties of GO electrical steel based on Epstein combination and loss data weighted processing,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 50, no. 1, 6300209, 2014.
M. Enokizono and N. Soda, “ Direct magnetic loss analysis by FEM considering vector magnetic properties,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 34, 1998, pp. 188–195.
J. Zhu, J. Zhong, Z. Lin, and J. D. Sievert, “Measurement of magnetic properties under 3-D magnetic excitations,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 39, no. 5, Sep. 2003, pp. 3429–3431.
K. Fujiwara, T. Adachi, and N. Takahashi, “A proposal of finite-element analysis considering two-dimensional magnetic properties,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 38, no. 2, 2002, pp. 889–892.
D. Lin, P. Zhou, Z. Badics, W. Fu, Q. Chen, and Z. J. Cendes, “A new nonlinear anisotropic model for soft magnetic material,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 42, no. 4, 2006:963–966.
A. J. Moses, N. Derebasi, G. Loisos and A. Schoppa, Aspects of the cut edge effect stress on the power loss and flux density distribution in Electrical steel sheets, J. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 215–216, 2000, 690-692.
P. Marketos, S. Zurek, and A. J. Moses, “Calculation of the mean path length of the Epstein frame under non-sinusoidal excitations using the double Epstein method,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater., vol. 320, pp. 2542–2545, 2008.
J. D. Sievert, “Determination of AC magnetic power loss of electrical steel sheet: present status and trends,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 20, no. 5, PP. 1702–1707, 1984.
A. J. Moses and P. S. Phillips, “Effect of stacking methods on Epstein-square power loss measurements,” Proc. IEE, 124 (1977) 413–416.
Z. Cheng, N. Takahashi, B. Forghani, Y. Du, Y. Fan, L. Liu, and H. Wang, “Effect of variation of B-H properties on both iron loss and flux in silicon steel lamination,” IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 1346–1349, 2011.
Magnetic measurement Report using Epstein frame based on multi-angle samples, Baobian Electric., April 2008.
A. J. Moses, “Relevance of microstructure and texture to the accuracy and interpretation of 1 and 2 directional characterisation and testing of grain-oriented electrical steels,” 55(2), pp. 3–13, IJAEM(International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics), Oct. 2017.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank all colleagues for the co-research on the Epstein combination method. Under the guidance of former Chief Engineer of Baobian Electric., Qifan Hu, the magnetic measurement based on multi-angle sampling was completed by Guisheng Han, Lanrong Liu, Yana Fan, and Junjie Zhang from the Institute of Power Transmission and Transformation Technology, Baobian Electric., and Dr. Xian Zhang of Tianjin Polytechnic University. It was also supported by colleagues from other relevant departments of Baobian Electric.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Science Press, Beijing and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cheng, Z., Shi, L., Sievert, J. (2020). Magnetic Measurement Based on Epstein Combination and Multi-angle Sampling. In: Cheng, Z., Takahashi, N., Forghani, B. (eds) Modeling and Application of Electromagnetic and Thermal Field in Electrical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0173-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0173-9_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-0172-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-0173-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)