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Bioremediation Technologies for Decolorization of Effluent

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Advances in Environmental Biotechnology

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Abstract

Wastewater from the textile industry contains significant amounts of synthetic dyes that require treatment to prevent groundwater contamination. These synthetic dyes are stable and are highly persistent in nature. The search for innovative, cost-effective, and environment-friendly technologies has become the real challenge in recent years. In view of the need for a technical and economically satisfying treatment technology, a flurry of emerging technologies has been proposed and examined at different stages of commercialization. Appliance of biotechnological techniques in recent period emerged as a very promising area for decolorization of textile wastewater, i.e., targeted at breaking down the dye molecule to basic elements (mineralizing them), and has much less environmental impact than conventional methods. A lot of research in this field revealed the existence of a variety of microbial communities capable of decolorizing a wide group of dyes. This chapter reviews the usage of various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and microbial consortium as free cells or in immobilized form for the decolorization of different types of textile dyes. The performance and results of latest research studies with pure and mixed cultures in various reactors have been also compiled pertaining to the bioremediation of dyes and colorants from wastewater with the possible alternative emerging technologies.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, General Shivdev Singh Diwan Gurbachan Singh Khalsa College, Patiala, 147004, Punjab, India

    Anamika Pokharia & Sarabjeet Singh Ahluwalia

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  1. Anamika Pokharia
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  2. Sarabjeet Singh Ahluwalia
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Correspondence to Sarabjeet Singh Ahluwalia .

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India

    Raman Kumar

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala, Haryana, India

    Anil Kumar Sharma

  3. Department of Biotechnology, General Shivdev Singh Diwan Gurbachan Singh Khalsa College, Patiala, Punjab, India

    Sarabjeet Singh Ahluwalia

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Pokharia, A., Ahluwalia, S.S. (2017). Bioremediation Technologies for Decolorization of Effluent. In: Kumar, R., Sharma, A., Ahluwalia, S. (eds) Advances in Environmental Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4041-2_6

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