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Recapitulating Development to Generate Kidney Organoid Cultures

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Organ Regeneration Based on Developmental Biology

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Abstract

Evidence of the successful recreation of kidney cell types via the directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells adds the kidney to the list of tissues for which this approach to tissue regeneration is becoming feasible. Arguably, the kidney is one of the most complex organs to recapitulate in vitro with the final adult organ containing more than 25 distinct cell types playing a diverse number of distinct functional roles. This organ also has a heavy reliance upon the architectural accuracy of the component cellular structures as well as their appropriate co-localisation and interaction with surrounding cell types. Here we will focus on the generation of complex multicellular kidney organoids in vitro and examine both the rationale for the protocol developed, the advantages of a complex kidney organoid and the short- and long-term applications of such an approach.

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Abbreviations

BMP:

Bone morphogenetic protein

CM:

Cap mesenchyme

EE:

Embryonic ectoderm

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

GBM:

Glomerular basement membrane

GDNF:

Glial derived neutrophilic factor

hESC:

Human embryonic stem cell

IM:

Intermediate mesoderm

iPSC:

Induced pluripotent stem cell

MM:

Metanephric mesenchyme

PS:

Primitive streak RA retinoic acid

UB:

Ureteric bud

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Acknowledgements

ML is a National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Principal Research Fellow. Her work is supported by the NHMRC, Australian Research Council, Royal Children’s Hospital Foundation, Kidney Health Australia and the National Institutes of Health, USA. TF is an NHMRC Postgraduate Scholar and holds an RACP/NHMRC Award for Excellence. JY-CS holds a University of Melbourne Research Scholarship. MCRI is supported by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia

    Melissa H. Little, Minoru Takasato, Joanne Y.-C. Soo & Thomas A. Forbes

  2. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Melissa H. Little, Joanne Y.-C. Soo & Thomas A. Forbes

  3. RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0045, Japan

    Minoru Takasato

  4. Royal Children’s Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia

    Thomas A. Forbes

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  1. Melissa H. Little
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  2. Minoru Takasato
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Correspondence to Melissa H. Little .

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  1. Laboratory for Organ Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

    Takashi Tsuji

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Little, M.H., Takasato, M., Soo, J.YC., Forbes, T.A. (2017). Recapitulating Development to Generate Kidney Organoid Cultures. In: Tsuji, T. (eds) Organ Regeneration Based on Developmental Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3768-9_11

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