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Nanomaterials: A Review of Their Action and Application in Pest Management and Evaluation of DNA-Tagged Particles

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New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management

Abstract

Nanotechnology, a new field of research, prompted scientists to work on a wide range of aspects. Nanoparticles relating to pest management include formulation for herbicides and pesticides. The potential uses of nanotechnology in insect–pest management include the slow release, efficient dosage of insecticides, and provide diagnostic tools for early detection. Application of nanaoparticles also includes development of nanodispensers, nanogels, and nanocapsules. Effects of different inorganic nanoparticles against selected insects were evaluated under laboratory conditions. DNA-tagged nanogold caused 30.50, 57.50, and 75.00 % mortality on third, fourth, and fifth instar Spodoptera litura larvae, respectively. CdS nanoparticle caused highest S. litura larval mortality of 21.41–93.79 % at 150 and 2400 ppm, respectively. The nano-TiO2 showed maximum of 73.79 % S. litura larval mortality at 2400 ppm and the least was 18.50 % at 150 ppm. Nano-Ag caused maximum 56.89 % S. litura mortality at 2400 ppm followed by 46.89 and 33.44 % mortality at 1200 and 600 ppm, respectively. Nanoparticles coated with ecdysteroid analogues like tebufenozide and halofenozide were tested against Corcyra cephalonica. The treated eggs did not hatch due to arrest of embryonic development. Tebufenozide and halofenozide caused maximum larval mortality at 80 ppm. These two compounds at 80 ppm reduced fecundity and fertility in adults. Tebufenozide against Helicoverpa armigera larvae reduced the larval weight. Tebufenozide at 5.00 ppm was reduced the larval weight significantly (14.23 ± 1.43 and 112.35 ± 0.29, respectively) compared to control. Histopathological effects of tebufenozide at the light microscopic level showed vacuolation and inhibition of imaginal buds. At electron microscopic level, peritropic membrane was completely disrupted in the larval stages and dearrangement of columnar cells was observed.

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Acknowledgment

The investigators are thankful to the Director of Research, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 650 065. Tebufenozide [RH-5992] was gifted from Dr. Daniel Doucet of Canada. This study was also facilitated by the National Bureau of Agriculturally important Insects (NBAII) and IIHR, Bangalore.

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  1. Department of Agricultural Entomology, Gandhi Krishi Vignan Kendra (GKVK), University of Agricultural Sciences, 560065, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    M. Chandrashekharaiah, Subhash B. Kandakoor, G. Basana Gowda, Vasudev Kammar & A. K. Chakravarthy

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    Akshay Kumar Chakravarthy

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Chandrashekharaiah, M., Kandakoor, S., Basana Gowda, G., Kammar, V., Chakravarthy, A. (2015). Nanomaterials: A Review of Their Action and Application in Pest Management and Evaluation of DNA-Tagged Particles. In: Chakravarthy, A. (eds) New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2089-3_12

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