Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Causal Reasoning in the Trika Philosophy of Abhinavagupta

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Logical Thought in India

Abstract

Abhinavagupta (fl.c. 975–1025 CE) is a tantric philosopher whose rigorous epistemological discussions are deeply rooted in his Śaiva metaphysics. In order to strongly withhold the Trika doctrinal principle of non-duality, Abhinavagupta, like his predecessor Utpaladeva (fl.c. 925–975 CE), is struggling to interpret the philosophical question of causality that rests in the analysis of cause and effect or subject and object duality. In this chapter, a short example from his magnum opus tantric manual, the Tantrāloka (9.1–44), and its elaborate commentary titled -viveka by Jayaratha (fl.c. 1225–1275 CE) is discussed while also contextualizing the process of philosophical rationalization in the history of Trika Śaivism. The champions of the theory of causality (kāryakāraṇabhāva), the Buddhists, are precisely targeted, and following rational enquiry, Abhinavagupta and Jayaratha want to prove that Śiva alone is the supreme agent (kartā) or cause (kāraṇa) and He indeed is also the effect (kārya) since both cause and effect are the manifestation of and in a single consciousness. Even though the Tantrāloka is based on the revealed knowledge from early scriptures like the Mālinīvijayottaratantra, yet at every step, compelling efforts are being made to justify the revealed (āgama) knowledge with reason (yukti).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

conj.:

conjecture

em.:

emendation

ĪPK:

Īśvarapratyabhijñkrik – TORELLA 2002

ĪPKvivṛti:

Īśvarapratyabhijñ-vivṛti

ĪPKvṛtti:

Īśvarapratyabhijñ-vṛtti

ĪPV:

Īśvarapratyabhijñ-vimarśinī

ĪPVV:

Īśvarapratyabjijñ-vivṛti-vimarśinī

Ked.:

Kashmir edition – KSTS

KSTS:

Kashmir Series of Texts and Studies

MMK:

Mūlamadhyamakakkir -> Madhyamakaśstra of Ngrjuna

MŚV:

Mlinīślokavrttika

MVUT:

Mlinīvijayottaratantra

PHṛ:

Pratyabhijñhṛdaya

PTv:

Partriśikvivaraṇa

ŚD:

Śivadṛṣṭi

SK:

Spanda-krik

ŚS:

Śivasūtra

ŚSV:

Śivasūtra-vrttika

TĀ:

Tantrloka

TĀV:

Tantrlokaviveka

TS:

Tantrasra

References

Primary Sources

  • Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikāvṛtti of Utpaladeva. See Torella 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Īśvarapratyabhijñāvimarśinī of Abhinavagupta, edited by Paṇḍit Mukunda Rama Shāstrī and Paṇḍit Madhusūdan Kaul Shāstrī, KSTS 22, 33, Bombay 1918, 1921.

    Google Scholar 

  • Īśvarapratyabhijñāvivṛtivimarśinī of Abhinavagupta, edited by Paṇḍit Madhusūdan Kaul Shāstrī, KSTS 60, 62, 65, Bombay 1938–1943.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madhyamakaśāstra of Nāgārjuna with the Commentary: Prasannapadā by Candrakīrti, ed. Dr. P.L. Vaidya. Buddhist Sanskrit texts no. 10. Darbhanga: The Mithala Institute of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit Learning. 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mālinīvijayottaratantra, edited by Paṇḍit Madhusūdan Kaul Shāstrī, KSTS 37, Bombay 1922.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratyabhijñā Hṛdaya being a summary of the doctrines of the Advaita Shaiva philosophy of Kashmir by Ksemaraja, edited by J.C. Chatterji, KSTS no. 3, 1911.

    Google Scholar 

  • Śivadṛṣṭi of Somānanda with the vṛtti by Utpaladeva, edited by Paṇḍit Madhusūdan Kaul Shāstrī, KSTS 54, Srinagar 1934.

    Google Scholar 

  • Śivasūtravārttika of Varadarāja, edited by Paṇḍit Madhusūdan Kaul Shāstrī, KSTS 43, Śrīnagar 1925.

    Google Scholar 

  • Śivasūtravimarśinī of Kṣemarāja, edited by J.C. Chatterji, KSTS 1, Śrīnagar 1911.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tantrāloka of Abhinavagupta, edited by Paṇḍit Mukunda Rama Shāstrī and Paṇḍit Madhusūdan Kaul Shāstrī, 12 vols., Kashmir series of texts and studies 23, 28, 29, 30, 35, 36, 41, 47, 52, 57, 58, 59, Srinagar 1918–1938.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tantrālokaviveka of Jayaratha. See under Tantrāloka.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tantrasāra of Abhinavagupta, edited by Paṇḍit Mukunda Rama Shāstrī, KSTS 17, Srinagar, 1918.

    Google Scholar 

Secondary Sources

  • Acharya, Diwakar. 2014. On the Śaiva concept of innate impurity (mala) and the function of the rite of initiation. Journal of Indian Philosophy 42: 9–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, K.M. 2003. Causality in Kashmiri Śaivism: A translation and study of Abhinavagupta’s Tantrāloka chapter nine verses 1–49 and Jayaratha’s commentary. Unpublished MA thesis, The University of Texas at Austin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, Keith. 2011. Being known according to Abhinavagupta. A doctoral thesis, University of Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brunner, Hélène. 1992. The four pādas of Śaivāgamas. In Dr. S.S. Janaki felicitation volume. Journal of Oriental Research 56–57: 260–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaturvedi, Radheshyam. 2002. Śrītantrālokaḥ (part third) [8–10 Āhnika], Vidyabhawan Prachyavidya Granthamala 120. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Vidyabhawan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dasgupta, Surendranath. 2004. A history of Indian philosophy. Vol. I. Delhi: MLBD. (1st edition, 1922).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dwivedi, Vrajavallabha. 2000. Tantrāgamīya Dharma Darśan [in Hindi], vol. I. Varanasi: Shaiva Bharati Shodha Pratishthanam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dwivedi, Vrajavallabha. 2001. Tantrāgamīya Dharma Darśan [in Hindi], vol. II. Varanasi: Shaiva Bharati Shodha Pratishthanam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyczkowski, Mark S.G. 1987. The doctrine of vibration: An analysis of doctrine and practices of Kashmir Shaivism. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyczkowski, M.S.G. Trans. 1992a. The Stanzas on Vibration: The Spandakārikā with four commentaries: The Spandasaṃdoha by Kṣemarāja; the Spandavṛtti by Kallaṭabhaṭṭa; the Spandavivṛti by Rājānaka Rāma; [and] the Spandapradīpikā by Bhagavadutpala. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyczkowski, Mark S.G. 1992b. The aphorisms of Śiva: The Śiva Sūtras with Bhāskara’s commentary, the Vārttika. Albany: SUNY Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gnoli, Raniero. 1999. Abhinavagupta, Luce dei Tantra (Tantrāloka), Biblioteca Orientale 4. Milan: Adelphi Edizioni.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodall, Dominic. 1998. Bhaṭṭa Rāmakaṇṭha’s commentary on the Kiraṇatantra, vol. 1: Chapters 1–6. Critical edition and annotated translation (Publications du Département d’Indologie; 86.1). Pondicherry: Institut Français de Pondichéry/École Française d’Extrême-Orient.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, Bina. 2009. Reason and experience in Indian philosophy, xii + 305. New Delhi: Indian Council of Philosophical Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gurtu, Nilakanth. 1981. Spandakārikā Śrībhaṭṭakallaṭa-vṛtti-sahitā (Hindi translation). Delhi: MLBD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jha, V.N. 2008. Jayanta’s interpretation of Pāṇini 1.4.42. In Linguistic traditions of Kashmir: Essays in memory of Paṇḍit Dinanath Yaksha, ed. Mrinal Kaul and Ashok Aklujkar, 399–409. Delhi: D.K. Printworld.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaul, Mrinal. 2018. Ontological hierarchy in the Tantrāloka of Abhinavagupta. In Tantrapuṣpāñjali: Tantric traditions and philosophy of Kashmir: Studies in memory of Pandit H.N. Chakravarty, ed. Bettina Sharada Bäumer and Hamsa Stainton, 240–270. New Delhi: Indira Gandhi Centre for the Arts and Aryan Books International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaul, Mrinal. 2019. Abhinavagupta on reflection (Pratibimba) in the Tantrāloka. Journal of Indian Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-019-09414-0.

  • Kaw, R.K. 1967. The doctrine of recognition: A study of its origin and development and place in Indian and Western systems of philosophy. Hoshiarpur: Viśveśvarananda Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasser, H. 2001. On the dates and works of Śaṇkaranandana. In Le Parole e i Marmi, Studi in onore di Raniero Gnoli nel suo 70 compleanno, 2 vols, Serie Oriental Roma, ed. R. Torella, 489–508. Roma: IsIAO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, David P. 1998. The mythico-ritual syntax of omnipotence. Philosophy East and West 48 (4): 592–622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, David P. 2000. Rediscovering god with transcendental argument: A contemporary interpretation of monistic Kashmiri Śaiva philosophy, Sri Garib Das oriental series no. 252. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, David P. 2008. Abhinavagupta’s philosophical hermeneutics of grammatical persons. Journal of Hindu Studies 1 (1–2): 11–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, David P. 2009. Proof of a sentient knower: Utpaladeva’s Ajaḍapramātṛsiddhi with the Vṛtti of Harabhatta Shastri. Journal of Indian Philosophy 37: Article number: 627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, David P. 2014. The linguistics and cosmology of agency in nondual Kashmiri Śaiva thought. In Free will, agency, and selfhood in Indian philosophy, ed. Matthew R. Dasti and Edwin F. Bryant. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matilal, Bimlal Krishna. 1986. Perception: An essay on classical Indian theories of knowledge. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matilal, Bimal Krishna. 1998. In The character of logic in India, ed. Jonardon Ganeri and Heeraman Tiwari. New York: SUNY Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miśra, Paramahaṃsa. Ed. and Trans. 1994. Śrī Tantrālokaḥ vyākhyādvayopetaḥ [tṛtīyo bhāgaḥ]. Vārāṇasī: Saṃpūrnānanda Saṃskṛta Viśvavidyālaya.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moriyama, Shinya. 2016. A note on the Sāṅkhya theory of causation in Utpaladeva’s Īśvarasiddhi. In Around Abhinavagupta: Aspects of the intellectual history of Kashmir from the ninth to the eleventh century, ed. E. Franco and I. Ratié, 287–297. Berlin: LIT Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muller-Ortega, Paul. 2005. “Tarko yogāṅgam uttamam”: On subtle knowledge and the refinement of thought in Abhinavagupta’s liberative tantric method. In Theory and practice of yoga essays in honour of Gerald James Larson, ed. Knut A. Jacobsen, 181–212. Leiden: Brill.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Murti, T.R.V. 2016. The central philosophy of Buddhism: A study of the Mādhyamika system. Delhi: MLBD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nemec, John. 2011. The ubiquitous Śiva. Somānanda’s Śivadṛṣṭi and his tantric interlocutors. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nemec, John. 2012. The two Pratyabhijñā theories of error. Journal of Indian Philosophy 40 (2): 225–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pandey, Kanti Chandra. 1963. Abhinavagupta. An historical and philosophical study, Chowkhamba Sanskrit series. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office. (Revised and enlarged; first edition 1936, revised 1951, reprint 2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandey, Kanti Chandra. 1986. An outline of history of Śaiva philosophy. Delhi: MLBD. (First published in The princess of Whales Saraswati Bhavan text no. 84, 1954).

    Google Scholar 

  • Preisendanz, Karin. 2009. Logic, debate, and epistemology in ancient Indian medical science. Indian Journal of History of Science 44 (2): 261–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, Navjivan. 1986. Theory of error according to Abhinavagupta. Journal of Indian Philosophy 14: 1–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, Navjivan. 1992. The yogic disciplines in the monistic Śaiva tantric traditions of Kashmir: Threefold, fourfold, and six-limbed. In Ritual and speculation in early Tantrism. Studies in honour of André Padoux, ed. T. Goudriaan, 247–280. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, Navjivan. (2006) Bhūmikā (introduction) In Tāntrik Śivādvayavāda main Icchā, Svātantrya tathā Niyamanavāda – Free will and determinism (in tantric Śaiva monism) by Meera Rastogi, Classical Publishing House, New Delhi, pp. v-xxxvi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, Navjivan. 2009. Vāk as Pratyavamarśa: Bhartṛhari from Abhinavan perspective. In Bhartṛhari: Language, thought and reality, ed. Mithilesh Chaturvedi, 301–342. Delhi: MLBD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, Navjivan. 2012. Abhinavagupta kā tantrāgamīya darśan [in Hindi]. Sāgar: Viśvavidyālaya Prakāśan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, Navjivan. 2013. Kāśmīra śivādvayavāda meṃ pramāṇa-cintana [in Hindi]. L.D. Sanskrit series: 156. Ahmedabad: L.D. Institute of Indology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2007. Otherness in the Pratyabhijña philosophy. Journal of Indian Philosophy 35 (4): 313–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2009. Remarks on compassion and altruism in the Pratyabhijñā philosophy. Journal of Indian Philosophy 37 (4): 349–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2010a. The Dreamer and the Yogin: On the relationship between Buddhist and Śaiva idealisms. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 73 (3): 437–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2010b. A five-trunked, four-tusked elephant is running in the sky – How free is imagination according to Utpaladeva and Abhinavagupta? Études Asiatiques/Asiatische Studien 64: 341–385.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2011. Can one prove that something exists beyond consciousness? A Śaiva criticism of the Sautrāntika inference of external objects. Journal of Indian Philosophy 39 (4–5): 479–501.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2013. On reason and scripture in the Pratyabhijñā. In Scriptural authority, reason and action. Proceedings of a panel at the 14th world Sanskrit conference, Kyoto, Sept. 1–5, 2009, ed. Vincent Eltschinger, and Helmut Krasser, 375–454. Wien.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2014a. A Śaiva interpretation of the Satkāryavaāda: The Sāṃkhya notion of Abhivyakti and its transformation in the Pratyabhijñā treatise. Journal of Indian Philosophy 42: 127–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2014b. On the distinction between epistemic and metaphysical Buddhist idealism: A Śaiva perspective. Journal of Indian Philosophy 42, 353–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-013-9191-6

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2015. Utpaladeva’s proof of god: On the purpose of the Īśvarasiddhi. In Utpaladeva, philosopher of recognition, ed. B. Bäumer and R. Torella, 254–337. Delhi: D.K. Printworld.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2017a. An Indian debate on optical reflections and its metaphysical implications: Śaiva nondualism and the mirror of consciousness. In Indian epistemology and metaphysics, ed. J. Tuske, 207–240. London: Bloomsbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2017b. Scholasticism and philosophy: On the relationship between reason and revelation in India. ThéoRèmes 11, mis en ligne le 25 septembre 2017, consulté le 08 mars 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratié, Isabelle. 2017c. In search of Utpaladeva’s lost Vivṛti on the Pratyabhijñā treatise: A report on the latest discoveries (with the Vivṛti on the end of chapter 1.8). Journal of Indian Philosophy 45: 163–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 1985. Purity and power among the Brahmans of Kashmir. In The category of the person. Anthropology, philosophy, history, ed. M. Carrithers, S. Collins, and S. Lukes, 190–216. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 1988. Śaivism and the tantric traditions. In The world’s religions, ed. S. Sutherland, L. Houlden, P. Clarke, and F. Hardy, 660–704. London: Routledge. (Reprinted in The world’s religions. The religions of Asia, ed. F. Hardy, 128–172. London: Routledge, 1990).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 1990. The visualisation of the deities in the Trika. In L’Image Divine: Culte et Méditation dans l’Hindouisme, ed. A. Padoux, 31–88. Paris: Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 1992. The doctrine of the Mālinīvijayottaratantra. In Ritual and speculation in early Tantrism. Studies in honour of André Padoux, ed. T. Goudriaan, 281–312. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 1995. Meaning in Tantic ritual. In Essais sur le Rituel III: Colloque du Centenaire de la Section des Sciences religieuses de l’Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Bibliothéque de l’Ecole des Hauts Etudes, Sciences Religieuses, ed. A.-M. Blondeau and K. Schipper, 15–95. Louvain-Paris: Peeters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 2007a. The Śaiva exegesis of Kashmir. In Mélanges tantriques à la mémoire d’Hélène Brunner. Tantric studies in memory of Hélène Brunner, ed. Dominic Goodall, and André Padoux, 231–442 and bibliography, 551–582. Collection Indologie no. 106, Pondicherry: IFP/EFEO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 2007b. Swami Lakshman Joo and his place in the Kashmirian Śaiva tradition. In Saṁvidullāsaḥ manifestation of divine consciousness Swami Lakshman Joo saint-scholar of Kashmir Śaivism, ed. Bettina Bäumer and Sarla Kumar, 93–126. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 2009. Kashmir. In Brill’s encyclopedia of Hinduism. Volume one: Regions, pilgrimage, deities, ed. Knut A. Jacobsen. Leiden/Boston: Brill. (Handbuch der Orientalistik. Zweite Abteilung, Indien 22: 99–126).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, Alexis. 2014. The Śaiva literature. Journal of Indological Studies 24–25 (2012–2013):1–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, Jaideva. 1979. Śiva Sūtras – The yoga of supreme identity. Delhi: MLBD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, Jaideva. 1980. Spandakārikā – The divine creative pulsation. Delhi: MLBD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, Jaideva. 1988. Parātriśikāvivaraṇa, the secret of tantric mysticism. English translation with notes and running exposition, ed. Bettina Bäumer. Delhi: MLBD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stcherbatsky, F.Th. 1962. Buddhist logic, 2 vols. New York: Dover. (Reprint).

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 1992. The Pratyabhijñā and the logical–epistemological school of Buddhism. In Ritual and speculation in early Tantrism. Studies in honour of André Padoux, ed. T. Goudriaan, 327–345. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 1999. Sāṃkhya as Sāmānyaśāstra. Asiatische Studien/Études Asiatiques 53: 553–562.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 2002. The Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikā of Utpaladeva with the author’s Vṛtti. Critical edition and annotated translation. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. (1st edn appeared as Serie Orientale Roma 71. Rome: IsMEO, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 2008. From an adversary to the main ally: The place of Bhartṛhari in the Kahmirian Śaiva Advaita. In Linguistic traditions of Kashmir: Essays in memory of Paṇḍit Dinanath Yaksha, ed. Mrinal Kaul and Ashok Aklujkar, 507–524. Delhi: D.K. Printworld.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 2013. Inherited cognitions: Prasiddhi, āgama, pratibhā, śabdana – Bhartṛhari, Utpaladeva, Abhinavagupta, Kumārila and Dharmakīrti in Dialogue. In Scriptural authority, reason and action. Proceedings of a panel at the 14th world Sanskrit conference, Kyoto, Sept. 1–5, 2009, ed. Vincent Eltschinger, and Helmut Krasser, 455–480. Wien.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 2014. Utpaladeva’s lost Vivṛti on the Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikā. Journal of Indian Philosophy 42: 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-013-9213-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 2015. Purity and impurity in non-dualistic Śaiva Tantrism. In Proceedings of the international conference “religions: Fields of research, method and perspectives.” Studia Religiologica 48(2):101–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torella, Raffaele. 2017. Śaiva non-dualism. In Indian epistemology and metaphysics, ed. J. Tuske, 183–205. London: Bloomsbury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasudeva, Somadeva. 2005. The yoga of the Mālinīvijayottaratantra. Chapters 1–4, 7, 11–17. Critical edition, translation and notes (Collection Indologie Pondichéry; 97). Pondicherry: Institut Français de Pondichéry/École française d’Extrême-Orient.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallis, Christopher. 2007. The descent of power: Possession, mysticism, and initiation in the Śaiva theology of Abhinavagupta. Journal of Indian Philosophy 36 (2): 248–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, Alex. 2006. The self’s awareness of itself – Bhaṭṭa Rāmakaṇṭha’s arguments against the Buddhist doctrine of non-self. Publication of the De Nobili Research Library, 32, Vienna.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Manipal Centre for Humanities, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India

    Mrinal Kaul

Authors
  1. Mrinal Kaul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mrinal Kaul .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Manipal Centre for Philosophy and Humani, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India

    Sundar Sarukkai

  2. School of Cognitive Science, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Mihir Chakraborty

Section Editor information

  1. Manipal Centre for Humanities, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

    Mrinal Kaul

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature India Private Limited

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Kaul, M. (2020). Causal Reasoning in the Trika Philosophy of Abhinavagupta. In: Sarukkai, S., Chakraborty, M. (eds) Handbook of Logical Thought in India. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1812-8_31-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1812-8_31-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi

  • Print ISBN: 978-81-322-1812-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-81-322-1812-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Religion and PhilosophyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation