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d-Amino Acid Oxidase and d-Aspartate Oxidase

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D-Amino Acids

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Abstract

d-Amino acids are the enantiomers of l-amino acids used as building blocks of proteins and were previously unknown as to pathophysiological roles. However, increasing numbers of recent studies have suggested importance of d-amino acids. d-Serine (d-Ser) works as a co-agonist of the NMDA receptor, an ion channel for neurotransmission. A decrease in the amount of d-Ser in brain has been observed in patients of schizophrenia. It has been suggested that d-aspartate (d-Asp) is related with the regulation of motor neurons, memory, and mental disorders. Cognate flavoenzymes such as d-amino acid oxidase (DAO) and d-aspartate oxidase (DDO) regulate the amount of d-Ser and d-Asp in our body, respectively, to modulate such biological events. We therefore have proposed that the “d-amino acid biosystems” play important roles in our bodies. Chemicals that modulate the enzymatic activity of DAO and DDO are expected as potent therapeutic drugs for schizophrenia and other mental disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Enzyme Pathophysiology, The Institute for Enzyme Research (KOSOKEN), Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan

    Yusuke Kato, Diem Hong Tran, Huong Thi Thanh Trinh & Kiyoshi Fukui

Authors
  1. Yusuke Kato
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  2. Diem Hong Tran
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  3. Huong Thi Thanh Trinh
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  4. Kiyoshi Fukui
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Correspondence to Kiyoshi Fukui .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

    Tohru Yoshimura

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Toru Nishikawa

  3. Laboratory of Biomolecular Science Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroshi Homma

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Kato, Y., Tran, D.H., Trinh, H.T.T., Fukui, K. (2016). d-Amino Acid Oxidase and d-Aspartate Oxidase. In: Yoshimura, T., Nishikawa, T., Homma, H. (eds) D-Amino Acids. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56077-7_19

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