Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) is a glycoprotein bearing covalently attached heparan sulfate (HS) chains. A number of studies have revealed that HSPGs are involved in various physiological processes such as tissue development, lipoprotein metabolism, and viral infection. However, their detailed molecular mechanisms still remain elusive because both core proteins and HS polysaccharides have extremely complicated structures. Here, we introduce the molecular mechanisms of HSPG function manifested by studies using a fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. This simple model organism provides many advantages for HSPG researches including sophisticated genetic tools and low genetic redundancy. Many genetic analyses of HSPG core proteins and HS-synthesizing enzymes clarified that HSPGs regulate growth and patterning of various tissues, axon guidance, synapse formation, and stem cell maintenance in Drosophila. Furthermore, analyses of the Drosophila mutants of HS-modifying enzymes clearly revealed the importance of HS fine structure in the signaling of several morphogens and growth factors in vivo.
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Kamimura, K., Maeda, N. (2015). Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Drosophila melanogaster . In: Taniguchi, N., Endo, T., Hart, G., Seeberger, P., Wong, CH. (eds) Glycoscience: Biology and Medicine. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54841-6_125
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54841-6_125
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Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-54840-9
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-54841-6
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