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Structure and Function of Aromatic-Ring Hydroxylating Dioxygenase System

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Biodegradative Bacteria

Abstract

A wide variety of aromatic compounds are aerobically degraded by bacteria. Aromatic-ring hydroxylation is one of the most common initial degradation step and thus is an essential catalytic reaction for aromatic-ring degradation by bacteria in nature. Most of the cases, the hydroxylation is catalyzed by an oxygenase family known as Rieske nonheme iron (di)oxygenase or Rieske oxygenase (RO). ROs catalyze a broad range of aromatic-ring compounds including mono- and polycyclic aromatic and hetero-aromatic compounds. ROs are composed of terminal oxygenase and electron transfer components. The terminal oxygenase component has Rieske [2Fe-2S] cluster as a redox center for receive electrons from the electron transfer component(s) and mononuclear iron as a catalytic site for dioxygen activation. In addition to genetic and biochemical studies, their crystal structures have been extensively studied recently. To date (11/7/2012), the structures of 15 different terminal oxygenases and 11 electron transfer components have been determined and deposited to Protein Data Bank (76 structures including their variants in total).

This chapter will address structures and functions of aromatic-ring hydroxylating dioxygenases. The overviews of ROs (Sect. 9.1) and overall structure of ROs containing their electron transfer components (Sect. 9.2), inter- and intramolecular electron transfer in ROs (Sect. 9.3), catalytic mechanism (Sect. 9.4), and substrate specificity and enzyme engineering (Sect. 9.5) are reviewed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Research Organization, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan

    Kengo Inoue

  2. Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Hideaki Nojiri

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  1. Kengo Inoue
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  2. Hideaki Nojiri
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Correspondence to Kengo Inoue .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Hideaki Nojiri

  2. Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Masataka Tsuda

  3. Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan

    Masao Fukuda

  4. Bioproduction Research Institute, Nat'l Inst of Adv Industr Sci and Tech, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

    Yoichi Kamagata

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Inoue, K., Nojiri, H. (2014). Structure and Function of Aromatic-Ring Hydroxylating Dioxygenase System. In: Nojiri, H., Tsuda, M., Fukuda, M., Kamagata, Y. (eds) Biodegradative Bacteria. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54520-0_9

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