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The Different Categories of Genetically Standardized Populations of Laboratory Mice

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Genetics of the Mouse

Abstract

At the beginning of the twentieth century when genetics began to emerge as an experimental science, laboratory mouse resources were extremely limited. Aside from a few coat color mutants, which were bred by fanciers as pets, the only animals available for experiments were “albino” mice. These mice were bred with no specific mating protocol and were, in most cases, genetically heterogeneous. At that time, and based on the experience of dog and horse breeders, inbreeding was a practice to be avoided by all possible means because it was thought to lead to a decline in vigor and ultimately to the extinction of the colony. In fact, it is not an exaggeration to say that the only qualities that were required of these “albino” mice were prolificacy, robustness, and tameness.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In Chap.  6 we explained that, as a consequence of epigenetic modifications at the genome level, such a uniparental mouse could not exist in practice.

  2. 2.

    The reduction in size of the introgressed chromosomal segment is in steps instead of linear.

  3. 3.

    G.D. Snell, J. Dausset and B. Benacerraf were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1980 “for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

    Jean-Louis Guénet

  2. Division of Basic Science Research, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, USA

    Fernando Benavides

  3. Mouse Functional Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

    Jean-Jacques Panthier & Xavier Montagutelli

  4. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France

    Jean-Jacques Panthier

Authors
  1. Jean-Louis Guénet
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  2. Fernando Benavides
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  3. Jean-Jacques Panthier
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  4. Xavier Montagutelli
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Correspondence to Jean-Louis Guénet .

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Guénet, JL., Benavides, F., Panthier, JJ., Montagutelli, X. (2015). The Different Categories of Genetically Standardized Populations of Laboratory Mice. In: Genetics of the Mouse. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44287-6_9

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