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Molecular Detection and Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

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Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology

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Abstract

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), especially carbapenemase-producing CRE (CP-CRE), have emerged as a major class of bacterial pathogens. They are frequently associated with high mortality and morbidity due to their unprecedented multi- or pan-drug resistance, in addition to the absence of standardized, clinically effective detection methods for early identification. Consequently, there is an urgent need for rapid and accurate detection of carbapenem resistance in clinical laboratories, as it is imperative for patient treatment, infection control, and epidemiological studies aimed at limiting further spread of CRE. A number of nucleic acid- and non-nucleic acid-based methods for rapid molecular detection of CRE are currently available or in development. Molecular detection of CP-CRE, in comparison with conventional culture-based phenotypic tests, offers several advantages, including the rapid turnaround time, the definitive identification of specific carbapenemase types, and, in some cases, the ability to test directly from clinical specimens without the need for culture. In this chapter, we will discuss the performance characteristics of these molecular technologies achieved to date on molecular detection for CRE and particularly CP-CRE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Siqiang Niu

  2. Public Health Research Institute Tuberculosis Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, USA

    Siqiang Niu & Liang Chen

Authors
  1. Siqiang Niu
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  2. Liang Chen
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Correspondence to Liang Chen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Yi-Wei Tang

  2. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

    Charles W. Stratton

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Niu, S., Chen, L. (2018). Molecular Detection and Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. In: Tang, YW., Stratton, C. (eds) Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95111-9_6

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