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Differentiation and Transdifferentiation of Sponge Cells

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Marine Organisms as Model Systems in Biology and Medicine

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 65))

Abstract

Over 100 years of sponge biology research has demonstrated spectacular diversity of cell behaviors during embryonic development, metamorphosis and regeneration. The past two decades have allowed the first glimpses into molecular and cellular mechanisms of these processes. We have learned that while embryonic development of sponges utilizes a conserved set of developmental regulatory genes known from other animals, sponge cell differentiation appears unusually labile. During normal development, and especially as a response to injury, sponge cells appear to have an uncanny ability to transdifferentiate. Here, I argue that sponge cell differentiation plasticity does not preclude homology of cell types and processes between sponges and other animals. Instead, it does provide a wonderful opportunity to better understand transdifferentiation processes in all animals.

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Acknowledgments

Research in my laboratory is currently supported by the Australian Research Council through Future Fellowship (FT160100068) and the Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (CE140100020) grants. I acknowledge generous past funding from the Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology (Bergen, Norway). I am deeply indebted to past and current members of my laboratories, as well as collaborators and colleagues, for continuous and stimulating discussions on sponge cell biology and evolution of animal body plans. Special thanks to Kathryn Green, Christin Zwafink, and Erika Broberg for the assistance in generating images shown in many of the figures presented in this chapter and to Noriko Funayama and Sacha Ereskovsky for photographs of Ephydatia and Oscarella.

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  1. Division of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

    Maja Adamska

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  1. Maja Adamska
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Correspondence to Maja Adamska .

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  1. Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA

    Malgorzata Kloc

  2. Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France

    Jacek Z. Kubiak

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Adamska, M. (2018). Differentiation and Transdifferentiation of Sponge Cells. In: Kloc, M., Kubiak, J. (eds) Marine Organisms as Model Systems in Biology and Medicine. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 65. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92486-1_12

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