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Environmental Toxicology and Air Pollution: A Comparative Analysis of Different Methods and Studies

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Handbook of Environmental Materials Management

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Abstract

The degradation of air quality is increasing in several regions of the world, making air improper or harmful to human health and the environment. The environmental toxicology aims to establish the safety limits of a chemical agent and assessment of environmental exposure, anticipating the consequences of damage to human health. The objective of this chapter will be to present concepts and methods related to environmental toxicology and atmospheric pollution, as well as a mapping of parameters and studies carried out involving the theme in question. In the atmosphere, the effects of pollutants include, in addition to damage to vegetation, soil, and materials, the increase of particles, thus reducing visibility and inhibiting solar radiation received; the increase of the concentrations of gaseous pollutants that absorb longwave radiation and increase the surface temperatures; and also the alteration of precipitation, reducing the amount of rain due to the increase of particles that function as a cloud condensation nucleus. In human health, exposure to air pollutants can affect the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system, leading to increased mortality and morbidity. The importance of the use of environmental parameters is associated with its use as an instrument for planning and managing urban spaces, serving to make better use of natural resources and also as a preventive measure against environmental degradation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil

    Gustavo Marques da Costa & Larissa Meincke

  2. Programa de Pós-graduação em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil

    Gustavo Marques da Costa, Darlan Daniel Alves & Daniela Montanari Migliavacca Osório

  3. UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Ane Katiussa Siqueira Frohlich

  4. Departamento de Farmacociências, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Sandra Manoela Dias Macedo

Authors
  1. Gustavo Marques da Costa
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  2. Larissa Meincke
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  3. Darlan Daniel Alves
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  4. Daniela Montanari Migliavacca Osório
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  5. Ane Katiussa Siqueira Frohlich
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  6. Sandra Manoela Dias Macedo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gustavo Marques da Costa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

Section Editor information

  1. Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

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da Costa, G.M., Meincke, L., Alves, D.D., Osório, D.M.M., Frohlich, A.K.S., Macedo, S.M.D. (2019). Environmental Toxicology and Air Pollution: A Comparative Analysis of Different Methods and Studies. In: Hussain, C. (eds) Handbook of Environmental Materials Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73645-7_170

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