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Osteoporosis, Inflammation, and Aging

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Handbook of Immunosenescence

Abstract

Osteoporosis is substantially an age-related condition characterized by low bone mass and increased bone fragility, putting the patients at risk of fractures, which are major causes of morbidity and mortality in older people. Although aging and estrogen deficiency are probably the two most important risk factors, osteoporosis can occur in any age of life. There are a large number of risk factors for the development of senile osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is currently attributed to various endocrine, metabolic, and mechanical factors. However, recent discoveries suggest that these risk factors could exert their effects through immunologically mediated modulation of bone remodeling. Emerging clinical and molecular evidences suggest that inflammation exerts significant influence on bone turnover, inducing osteoporosis. Currently, growing understanding of bone physiology suggests that factors involved in inflammation are linked with those critical for bone remodeling process. Numerous proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and a shift towards an activated immune profile has been hypothesized as important risk factor. Chronic inflammation and the immune system remodeling characteristic of aging may be determinant pathogenetic factors. Inflamm-aging itself plays a role in bone remodeling through proinflammatory cytokines, together with other more recently discovered immunological mediators and transcription factors. Senile osteoporosis is an example of the central role of immune-mediated inflammation in determining bone resorption.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life, Health, & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

    Lia Ginaldi, Lucia Paola Mengoli, Maria Maddalena Sirufo & Massimo De Martinis

  2. Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy

    Lia Ginaldi, Lucia Paola Mengoli, Maria Maddalena Sirufo & Massimo De Martinis

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  1. Lia Ginaldi
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  2. Lucia Paola Mengoli
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  3. Maria Maddalena Sirufo
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  4. Massimo De Martinis
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Correspondence to Lia Ginaldi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Dept. of Medicine, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

  2. Dept of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Claudio Franceschi

  3. Institute for Health and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan

    Katsuiku Hirokawa

  4. Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Graham Pawelec

Section Editor information

  1. Research Center on Aging, Department of Medicine, Immunology Graduate Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada

    Tamas Fulop

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Ginaldi, L., Mengoli, L.P., Sirufo, M.M., De Martinis, M. (2019). Osteoporosis, Inflammation, and Aging. In: Fulop, T., Franceschi, C., Hirokawa, K., Pawelec, G. (eds) Handbook of Immunosenescence. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_64-2

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    Osteoporosis, Inflammation, and Aging
    Published:
    20 November 2019

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_64-2

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    Osteoporosis, Inflammation, and Aging
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    04 October 2017

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64597-1_64-1

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