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Gastrointestinal Cancers

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Cancer Genetics and Psychotherapy

Abstract

Gastrointestinal cancers (GI) are an important category of cancers. This chapter reviews the updates on different aspects of GI cancers including pathophysiology, classification, genetics, genotype-phenotype correlations, screening, surveillance, genetic counseling, testing strategies, management and individualized medicine of esophageal cancers (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma), gastric cancer (intestinal and diffuse subtypes), and colorectal cancers (CRCs) (with focus on Lynch syndrome and adenomatous polyposis colon cancer which are two common hereditary form of CRCs). Our current understanding of different aspects of GI cancers and future directions especially in the issues of genetic profiling and targeted therapies in GI cancers are tried to be address in this chapter.

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Abbreviations

AAPC:

Attenuated adenomatous polyposis coli

ACG:

American College of Gastroenterology

ACP:

American College of Physicians

ACS:

American Cancer Society

AGA:

American Gastroenterological Association

ASCO:

American Society of Clinical Oncology

ASGE:

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

AMPK:

AMP-activated protein kinase

APC:

Adenomatous polyposis coli

cfDNA:

Cell-free nucleic acid

CHRP:

Congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium

CK:

Cytokeratin

CNV:

Copy number variations

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

CT:

Computed tomography

CTC:

Circulating tumor cell

DGC:

Diffuse gastric cancer

EBV:

Epstein–Barr virus positive

EC:

Esophageal cancer

EpCAM:

Epithelial cell adhesion

ESCC:

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

FAP:

Familial adenomatous polyposis

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

GC:

Gastric cancer

GERD:

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

GI:

Gastrointestinal cancers

HDGC:

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer

HPV:

Human papillomavirus

IGC:

Intestinal gastric cancer

IHC:

Immunohistochemistry

IPAA:

Proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis

IRA:

Ileorectal anastomosis

MMR:

Mismatch repair

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MSI:

Microsatellite instability

MSS:

Microsatellite stable

NCI:

National Cancer Institute

NCCN:

National Comprehensive Cancer Network

NGS:

Next-generation sequencing

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

piRNA:

Piwi-interacting RNA

RFA:

Radiofrequency ablation

RFLP:

Restriction fragment length polymorphism

SCC:

Squamous cell carcinoma

TERT:

Telomerase reverse transcriptase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar

  2. Department of Immunology, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran

    Abbas Moridnia

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Correspondence to Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar .

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  1. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Parvin Mehdipour

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Tabatabaiefar, M.A., Moridnia, A. (2017). Gastrointestinal Cancers. In: Mehdipour, P. (eds) Cancer Genetics and Psychotherapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64550-6_12

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