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The Role of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer

Part of the book series: Molecular Pathology Library ((MPLB))

Abstract

Androgen receptor (AR) is a hormone-dependent transcription factor, involved in male dimorphism from embryogenesis to adulthood and highly expressed in the prostate. Upon activation by androgen binding, AR translocates to the nucleus, homodimerizes, and activates the transcription of specific androgen-responsive genes. This signaling pathway is subject to regulation by numerous factors such as AR transcriptional cofactors and co-regulators, posttranslational AR modifications, and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Androgen signaling is required for the development and maintenance of normal prostate but also plays a key role in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. Therefore, targeting the AR pathway is the first line of intervention for treating this disease. Unfortunately, most treated patients develop resistance through a variety of mechanisms that, for the most part, reactivate AR signaling. These mechanisms involve alterations of AR itself (amplification, mutation, alternative splicing, and posttranslational modifications), alterations of co-regulators, and/or activation through crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Although newer AR-directed strategies are being developed and tested in the clinical setting, the most effective approach in treating lethal prostate cancer remains an active area of research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Adeline Berger Ph.D. & David S. Rickman Ph.D.

  2. Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    David S. Rickman Ph.D.

  3. Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    David S. Rickman Ph.D.

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  1. Adeline Berger Ph.D.
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  2. David S. Rickman Ph.D.
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Correspondence to David S. Rickman Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Brian D. Robinson

  2. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA

    Juan Miguel Mosquera

  3. Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, Texas, USA

    Jae Y. Ro

  4. Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, Texas, USA

    Mukul Divatia

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Berger, A., Rickman, D.S. (2018). The Role of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer. In: Robinson, B., Mosquera, J., Ro, J., Divatia, M. (eds) Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer. Molecular Pathology Library. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64096-9_20

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