Abstract
Orbital cellulitis and subperiosteal abscess are well-defined orbital infections with potential vision- and life-threatening sequelae. Bacterial sinusitis remains the leading cause. All patients with sinusitis-related infections are treated with dual-therapy, broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics that include coverage for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and with oxymetazoline nasal spray to promote physiological sinus drainage. Based on studies identifying a trend from simple aerobic pathogens and responsive infections in younger children to mixed aerobic-anaerobic pathogens causing refractory infections in older children and adults, a surgical management protocol that considers multiple variables, including patient age, is applied. Despite the emergence in recent decades of more virulent pathogens, including MRSA, the management protocol remains valid—appropriately triaging aggressive infections to timely intervention and avoiding unnecessary surgery in the majority of pediatric patients.
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Abbreviations
- APD:
-
Afferent pupillary defect
- SPA:
-
Subperiosteal abscess
References
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Liao, J.C., Harris, G.J. (2018). Current Guidelines for the Management of Orbital Cellulitis. In: Yen, M., Johnson, T. (eds) Orbital Cellulitis and Periorbital Infections. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62606-2_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62606-2_5
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