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Mass Production of Artemisinin Using Hairy Root Cultivation of Artemisia annua in Bioreactor

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Bioprocessing of Plant In Vitro Systems

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

Abstract

Malaria is endemic disease of the tropical countries primarily due to their specific climatic conditions. Artemisinin has been widely used for the treatment of patients of cerebral malaria in combination therapy with other antimalarial drugs such as quinine and chloroquine. It has been extracted from the leaves of the plant Artemisia annua which grows naturally in many countries except for humid tropical countries. However, yield of the drug from dry tissue has been in the range of 0.01–0.5%; with the result, a 1000 kg of dry plant leaves yield only 6 kg of artemisinin after solvent extraction and liquid chromatography-based purification protocols. In order to alleviate these problems, scientists have been exploring alternate in vitro production protocols particularly by plant cell/hairy root cultivation of A. annua to supplement the overall artemisinin availability. Hairy root cultivation could be one of the potent in vitro alternative production techniques for artemisinin as it has an inherent advantage of better biochemical stability and less doubling time than plant cell cultivation. The present report attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of mass production of artemisinin particularly in vitro production using various bioreactors and different cultivation modes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thankfully acknowledge the supply of elite seed material from CIMAP Lucknow. The financial support by Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi (India) for the execution of the above project is gratefully acknowledged by one of the authors (Dr. Nivedita Patra).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Rourkela, Odisha, India

    Nivedita Patra

  2. Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110 016, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India

    Ashok K. Srivastava

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  1. Nivedita Patra
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  2. Ashok K. Srivastava
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Correspondence to Ashok K. Srivastava .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Food Technologies, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

    Atanas Pavlov

  2. Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Thomas Bley

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Patra, N., Srivastava, A.K. (2018). Mass Production of Artemisinin Using Hairy Root Cultivation of Artemisia annua in Bioreactor. In: Pavlov, A., Bley, T. (eds) Bioprocessing of Plant In Vitro Systems. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54600-1_20

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