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Impact Assessment of Climate Change on Crop Diseases Incidence and Severity in Nigeria

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Climate Change Adaptation in Africa

Part of the book series: Climate Change Management ((CCM))

Abstract

The effects of climate change on the incidence and severity of diseases on some agricultural crops in Nigeria between 2010 and 2014 were studied. The objective of the study was to assess the climatic dynamics on the incidence and severity of plant diseases for climate prediction purposes in Nigeria. Climatic data were collected from Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Ilorin and literatures were perused to assess the incidence and severity of pathogens of agricultural crops. The results showed that in 2010 through 2014, average temperature varied from 16.6–7.7 °C; average cloud ranged from 4.0–7.1 okta; average relative humidity ranged from 48–90%; average rainfall ranged from 0.0–511.7 mm and average sunlight intensity ranged from 2.99–8.73 h. The results of the incidence and severity of crop disease pathogenic organisms revealed that in 2010, nematode prevalence ranged between 1.02–6.07% (yam tuber gall); 21.73–82.53% (root gall nematode) in 2012; 8.4% (tuber gall), 25.68% (dry rot) in 2014. The incidence and severity of fungi diseases ranged from 15.7–30.0% (powdery mildew) in 2010; 7.35% (leaf rot) in 2011; 37.33–48.0% (anthracnose) in 2012; 1.7–26.7% (anthracnose) in 2013. The incidence and severity of bacteria diseases ranged from 10.0–45.58% (bacteria disease on potato) in 2010; 16.7–31.3% (leaf spot on okra); 10.0–33.3% (leaf spot on Eggplant); 21.3% (bacteria wilt on okra) in 2013. The incidence and severity of virus disease ranged from 10.0–44.5% (potato virus) in 2010; 43.0–79.0% (virus disease) in 2011; 40–100% (maize streak) in 2013; 16.0–97.0% (virus disease) in 2014. Favorable climate conditions enhanced disease development, resulting to higher disease incidence and severity; and vice versa.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop and Environmental Protection, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

    Timothy Ipoola Olabiyi & Emmanuel Ayomide Afolabi

  2. Nigeria Meteorological Agency, Ilorin International Airport, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria

    Elizabeth Iyabo Adewole

  3. Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

    Iyabo Olunike Omomowo

Authors
  1. Timothy Ipoola Olabiyi
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  2. Emmanuel Ayomide Afolabi
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  3. Elizabeth Iyabo Adewole
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  4. Iyabo Olunike Omomowo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Timothy Ipoola Olabiyi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. FTZ-NK, HAW Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Walter Leal Filho

  2. Environmental and Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Simane Belay

  3. School of Water Resources, South Eastern Kenya University, Nairobi, Kenya

    Jokasha Kalangu

  4. Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe

    Wuta Menas

  5. Department Ecosystems and Conservation, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Tourism, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania

    Pantaleo Munishi

  6. Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe

    Kumbirai Musiyiwa

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Olabiyi, T.I., Afolabi, E.A., Adewole, E.I., Omomowo, I.O. (2017). Impact Assessment of Climate Change on Crop Diseases Incidence and Severity in Nigeria. In: Leal Filho, W., Belay, S., Kalangu, J., Menas, W., Munishi, P., Musiyiwa, K. (eds) Climate Change Adaptation in Africa. Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49520-0_15

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