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Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Salivary Glands, with a Special Emphasis on Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Salivary Gland Development and Regeneration

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapy with the goal of restoring salivary function following irradiation injury or in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) has made significant advances within the past 5 years. The majority of studies used MSCs obtained from the bone marrow or adipose tissue, but MSCs isolated from the salivary gland, dental pulp, and umbilical cord also demonstrated a therapeutic efficacy in reestablishing salivary function. Based on the amount of stimulated saliva secretion as a functional quantitative measure, irradiated mice/rats that received MSC therapy restored their salivary flow rate (SFR) to 60–90 % of normal age-matched animals, while SFR of irradiated animals without treatment remained at 35–50 % of secretory function. Thus, there was 25–40 % therapeutic improvement in animals receiving MSC therapy versus those that did not. This would be clinically significant because patients with severe salivary hypofunction (dry mouth) due to head and neck irradiation have no improvement in SFR, if left untreated. In the SS-like disease mouse model, MSC therapy restored SFR 80–100 % when treatment was given at an initial phase of SS-like disease, while its effectiveness decreased to 50–60 % when given at an advanced stage of disease. In SS patients, MSC therapy improved SFR by 40–50 %. When tested in the rodent model, MSC therapy was successful in restoring/maintaining the gland normal weights and histology (acinar cells, blood vessels) and upregulated the expression of genes favorable for salivary gland development and regeneration while downregulating inflammation and cell apoptosis, promising positive effects of MSC therapy.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Professor Bruce J Baum for his invaluable advice, input, and encouragements during these past several years on the research pertaining to bone marrow cells and its cell soup in the repair of salivary glands. These studies were supported in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, H3A 0C7, Canada

    Simon D Tran DMD, PhD & Dongdong Fang BDS, MSc

  2. Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

    Yoshinori Sumita DDS, PhD

  3. Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Shen Hu PhD, MBA

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  1. Simon D Tran DMD, PhD
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  2. Yoshinori Sumita DDS, PhD
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  3. Dongdong Fang BDS, MSc
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  4. Shen Hu PhD, MBA
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Correspondence to Simon D Tran DMD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Seunghee Cha

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Tran, S.D., Sumita, Y., Fang, D., Hu, S. (2017). Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Salivary Glands, with a Special Emphasis on Mesenchymal Stem Cells. In: Cha, S. (eds) Salivary Gland Development and Regeneration. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43513-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43513-8_5

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