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Pyloric Stenosis

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Pediatric Digestive Surgery

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Abstract

In infants, gastric outlet obstruction is most often due to idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). IHPS is a mechanical obstruction due to a simple benign hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the smooth muscle fibers of the pylorus. The result is a narrowing and elongation of the pyloric channel. The origin remains unknown more than a century after the first treatments.

However several conditions other than IHPS may cause non bilious vomiting in infants and children. Pyloric obstructions can result from anatomical anomalies (ectopic pancreas, webs) or can be acquired (malignancies, polyps, ulcers). Acute gastric volvulus in newborns and infants is known as a rare but life-threatening emergency that requires prompt recognition and treatment.

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  1. Pediatric Surgery, Rochettaz 24, CH – 1009, Pully, Switzerland

    Olivier Reinberg

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  1. Pediatric Surgery, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital Bologna University, Bologna, Italy

    Mario Lima

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Reinberg, O. (2017). Pyloric Stenosis. In: Lima, M. (eds) Pediatric Digestive Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40525-4_14

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