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Developmental Roles of Histone H3 Variants and Their Chaperones

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The Functional Nucleus

Abstract

Within the nucleus, chromatin dynamics with the interplay between lineage-specific transcription factors, histone dynamics, non-histone proteins and their modifications along with contribution of non coding RNA emerge as critical in defining a stable cellular identity. A fine tuning of these different parameters can impact the balance between stability and plasticity during the development and life span of a multicellular organism. At the chromatin level, dynamics of histone H3 variants through their regulated incorporation into the genome, orchestrated in time and location by dedicated histone chaperones, have gained importance in our understanding of these processes. The combination of their individual modifications and specific binding partners provide distinct features that together contribute to the establishment of genomic loci. Here, we describe the network of histone chaperones that governs their handling with a focus on deposition, to highlight how their distinct distribution impacts genome organization and function. Next, we integrate the importance of H3 variants in the context of current knowledge related to nuclear reprogramming and cell differentiation. Then, using the centromere as a paradigm, we describe a case where the identity of a given genomic locus is propagated across different cell types. Finally, to place H3 dynamics in a developmental context, we underline the role of chromatin changes in cell differentiation associated with gastrulation, myogenesis or neurogenesis.

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Acknowledgements

We apologize for not having been able to acknowledge all the colleagues who contributed to this work. This work was supported by la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Equipe labellisée Ligue), the European Commission Network of Excellence EpiGeneSys (HEALTH-F4-2010-257082), ERC Advanced Grant 2009-AdG_20090506 “Eccentric”, the European Commission large-scale integrating project FP7_HEALTH-2010-259743 “MODHEP”, ANR-11-LABX-0044_DEEP and ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL, ANR “CHAPINHIB” ANR-12-BSV5-0022-02, ANR “Epicure” ANR-14-CE16-0009, ANR “CELLECTCHIP” ANR-14-CE10-0013 and Aviesan-ITMO cancer project “Epigenomics of breast cancer”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France

    Sebastian Müller, Dan Filipescu & Geneviève Almouzni

  2. CNRS, UMR3664, 75005, Paris, France

    Sebastian Müller, Dan Filipescu & Geneviève Almouzni

  3. Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, 75005, Paris, France

    Sebastian Müller, Dan Filipescu & Geneviève Almouzni

  4. Sorbonne Universités, 75005, Paris, France

    Sebastian Müller, Dan Filipescu & Geneviève Almouzni

  5. UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France

    Sebastian Müller, Dan Filipescu & Geneviève Almouzni

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  1. Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    David P. Bazett-Jones

  2. Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Graham Dellaire

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Müller, S., Filipescu, D., Almouzni, G. (2016). Developmental Roles of Histone H3 Variants and Their Chaperones. In: Bazett-Jones, D., Dellaire, G. (eds) The Functional Nucleus. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38882-3_17

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