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Cell Signaling in Tenocytes: Response to Load and Ligands in Health and Disease

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Metabolic Influences on Risk for Tendon Disorders

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 920))

Abstract

Signaling in tenocytes during development, homeostasis and injury involves multiple and redundant pathways. Given that tendons transmit mechanical forces from muscle to bone to effect movement, a key function for tenocytes is the detection of and response to mechanical stimulation. Mechanotransduction involves matrix-integrin-cytoskeleton to nucleus signaling, gap junction intercellular communication, changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+), activation of receptors and their pathways, and responses to biochemical factors such as hormones, growth factors, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its derivatives, and neuromodulators. The primary cilium also plays a key role in the detection of mechanical signals. During development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and hedgehog (Hh) signaling modulate tendon differentiation and formation. The response to injury is complex and varied involving not only inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1β but also mechanosensing. This chapter reviews the signaling pathways tenocytes use during mechanotransduction, development and in response to injury.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Flexcell International Corp., 2730 Tucker St., Suite 200, Burlington, 27215, NC, USA

    Michelle E. Wall, Jon Volmer & Albert J. Banes

  2. Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA

    Nathaniel A. Dyment

  3. Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA

    Josie Bodle, Elizabeth Loboa, Ann M. Fox & Albert J. Banes

  4. Musculoskeletal Research Programme, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK

    Anna Cederlund

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  1. Michelle E. Wall
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  2. Nathaniel A. Dyment
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  3. Josie Bodle
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  4. Jon Volmer
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  5. Elizabeth Loboa
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  6. Anna Cederlund
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  7. Ann M. Fox
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  8. Albert J. Banes
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Correspondence to Michelle E. Wall .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Paul W. Ackermann

  2. McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    David A. Hart

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Wall, M.E. et al. (2016). Cell Signaling in Tenocytes: Response to Load and Ligands in Health and Disease. In: Ackermann, P., Hart, D. (eds) Metabolic Influences on Risk for Tendon Disorders. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 920. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33943-6_7

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