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Immunohistochemistry of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract

Abstract

Although the histological and cytological features of differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) usually allow a reliable diagnosis, poorly differentiated HCCs and tumors found in small samples require immunohistochemical confirmation. Generally, cells of HCCs share with normal hepatocytes a rather wide array of lineage markers. These include Hep Par1, arginase 1, and glutamine synthetase, which are expressed in many, but not all, HCCs. A majority of HCCs are positive for the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, glypican-3. Many HCCs express and secrete typical export proteins, of which alpha-fetoprotein is the best-known example. Part of HCCs show reactivity for the canalicular domain markers, polyclonal CEA and CD10. The tumors share with hepatocytes the expression of cytokeratins 8 and 18, and sometimes 19, the latter defining a tumor subset with poor prognosis. In addition, HCCs express, however in a variable manner, markers of cellular differentiation, cell adhesion molecules, oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and a host of other markers related to various biochemical and metabolic functions.

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  1. University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Arthur Zimmermann

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Zimmermann, A. (2017). Immunohistochemistry of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In: Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Hepatobiliary Tract. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26956-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26956-6_3

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