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Super Clean Marine Diesel Engines with Nonthermal Plasma Aftertreatment Technology

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Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Energy ((LNEN,volume 33))

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Abstract

Diesel engine is an attractive energy conversion device that emits low CO2 from the viewpoint of the global warming and is widely used for various industries. The problem is that the emission contains air pollutants such as NOx and particulate matter. Regulations governing marine diesel engine NOx emissions have recently become more stringent. As it is difficult to fulfill these requirements by combustion improvements alone, effective aftertreatment technologies are needed to achieve efficient NOx reductions. In this study, we develop an effective NOx reduction aftertreatment system for a marine diesel engine that employs combined nonthermal plasma (NTP) and adsorption. Compared with selective catalytic reduction, the proposed technology offers the advantages of not requiring a urea solution or harmful heavy-metal catalysts and low operating temperatures of less than 150 °C. The NOx reduction comprises repeated adsorption and desorption flow processes using NTP combined with NOx adsorbents made of MnOx–CuO. High concentrations of NOx are treated by NTP after NOx adsorption and desorption, and this aftertreatment system demonstrates excellent energy efficiencies of 161 g(NO2)/kWh, which fulfills the most recent International Maritime Organization emission NOx standards in the Tier II to III regulations for 2016 and requires only 4.3 % of the engine output power.

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Abbreviations

A :

Heat transfer area (m2)

E :

Applied energy (kWh)

I :

Discharge current (A)

k :

Coefficient of overall heat transfer (W/(m2 K))

Q :

Total heat quantity (kW)

ΔT :

Gas temperature differences between paths I and II (K)

V :

Discharge voltage (V)

W :

Mass of NOx based on the molecular weight of NO2 (g(NO2))

η :

NOx removal energy efficiency based on the molecular weight of NO2(g(NO2)/kWh)

1:

Inlet of the adsorption chamber

2:

Outlet of the adsorption chamber

a:

Adsorption

d:

Desorption

ex:

Exchange

m:

Logarithmic mean

NTP:

Nonthermal plasma

system:

Aftertreatment system

CRT:

Continuous regeneration trap

DPF:

Diesel particulate filter

EGR:

Exhaust gas recirculation

EGCR:

Exhaust gas components’ recirculation

IMO:

International Maritime Organization

MDO:

Marine diesel oil

MFO:

Marine fuel oil

NTP:

Nonthermal plasma

PM:

Particulate matter

SCR:

Selective catalytic reduction

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

HC:

Hydrocarbon

HNO3 :

Nitric acid

N2 :

Nitrogen

N:

Nitrogen radical

NO:

Nitric monoxide

NO2 :

Nitrogen dioxide

NOx :

Nitrogen oxides

N2O:

Nitrous oxide

N2O5 :

Dinitrogen pentoxide

O2 :

Oxygen

O3 :

Ozone

SiC:

Silicon carbide

SO x :

Sulfur oxide

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Regional R&D Resources Utilization Program in the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). It is also partly supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number 24246145 and 249848. The authors would like to thank T. Kuroki, M. Nishimoto, T. Shinohara, M. Kawai, S. Tagawa (Osaka Prefecture University), K. Yoshida (Osaka Institute of Technology), K. Sato, K. Hanamoto, S. Shimomura (Daihatsu Diesel MFG. Co. Ltd.), and S. Hosokawa (Masuda Research Inc.) for their contributions to the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Products Engineering and Environmental Management, Nippon Institute of Technology, 4-1 Gakuendai, Miyashiro-Machi, Minami-Saitama, Saitama, 345-8501, Japan

    Takuya Kuwahara

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-Cho, Naka-Ku, Sakai, 599-8531, Japan

    Masaaki Okubo

Authors
  1. Takuya Kuwahara
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  2. Masaaki Okubo
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Correspondence to Takuya Kuwahara .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

    XinRong Zhang

  2. Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ontario, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada

    Ibrahim Dincer

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Kuwahara, T., Okubo, M. (2017). Super Clean Marine Diesel Engines with Nonthermal Plasma Aftertreatment Technology. In: Zhang, X., Dincer, I. (eds) Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming. Lecture Notes in Energy, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_19

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-26948-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26950-4

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