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Effects of Exercise on Blood Pressure and Autonomic Function and Other Hemodynamic Regulatory Factors

  • Chapter
Effects of Exercise on Hypertension

Part of the book series: Molecular and Translational Medicine ((MOLEMED))

Abstract

The autonomic nervous system is important for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis in daily living. Improper autonomic function (i.e., the set of neurological control systems regulating and maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, particularly heat rate and blood pressure) can lead to cardiovascular disease such as hypertension. This chapter discusses the role of the autonomic nervous system in hypertension and the effect of exercise on the autonomic nervous system in restoring cardiovascular health. Within, the reader will find a tutorial of the anatomy and physiology of the autonomic nervous system. Various common techniques for assessing autonomic function are also included in this discussion. The chapter finishes with a review of the literature pertaining to the acute (short-term or immediate) and chronic (i.e., long-term or training) effects of exercise on autonomic function.

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Abbreviations

ACh:

Acetylcholine

ANGII:

Angiotensin II

ANS:

Autonomic nervous system

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

BP:

Blood pressure

BRS:

Baroreceptor sensitivity

Epi:

Epinephrine

HF:

High frequency

HR:

Heart rate

HRV:

Heart rate variability

LBNP:

Lower body negative pressure

LF:

Low frequency

MAP:

Mean arterial pressure

MSNA:

Muscle sympathetic nerve activity

NE:

Norepinephrine

NO:

Nitric oxide

NP/NS:

Neck pressure/neck suction

OTT:

Orthostatic tolerance test

PSNS:

Parasympathetic nervous system

RAAS:

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

SNA:

Sympathetic nerve activity

SNS:

Sympathetic nervous system

SSNA:

Skin sympathetic nerve activity

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  1. Integrative Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Daniel W. White & Bo Fernhall

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  2. Bo Fernhall
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  1. Human Performance Laboratory, University of Connecticut Department of Kinesiology &, Storrs, Connecticut, USA

    Linda S. Pescatello

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White, D.W., Fernhall, B. (2015). Effects of Exercise on Blood Pressure and Autonomic Function and Other Hemodynamic Regulatory Factors. In: Pescatello, L. (eds) Effects of Exercise on Hypertension. Molecular and Translational Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17076-3_9

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