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The Effect of Taurine Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis: The Role of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme

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Taurine 9

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 803))

Abstract

Taurine is a semi-essential sulfur-containing amino acid derived from the metabolism of methionine and cysteine. Taurine controls several biological processes, including glucose homeostasis. The effects of taurine supplementation on insulin secretion and its effects on peripheral organs have been previously described. However, there are no data describing the effects of this amino acid on insulin clearance and the expression of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE).

Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of taurine supplementation on IDE expression in the liver and on insulin clearance.

Mice supplemented with taurine exhibited increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as well as lower food intake and reduced fat pad compared with controls, but they presented no changes in the Lee index, body weight, or insulin secretion by pancreatic islets. In addition, taurine supplementation resulted in increased hepatic IDE expression, which may have affected insulin clearance. We hypothesize that supplementation with taurine, which is important for the control of glucose homeostasis, might stimulate hepatic IDE expression and insulin clearance, and this may explain the improvement in glucose tolerance, despite the lack of on effect on insulin secretion.

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Abbreviations

AKT:

Protein kinase B

GSIS:

Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion

HFD:

High-fat diet

IDE:

Insulin-degrading enzyme

Tau:

Taurine

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Acknowledgements

The present study was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

      Rafael Ludemann Camargo, Renato Chaves Souto Branco, Luiz Fernando de Rezende, Jean Francisco Vettorazzi, Patricia Cristine Borck, Antônio Carlos Boschero & Everardo Magalhães Carneiro

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    1. Rafael Ludemann Camargo
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    2. Renato Chaves Souto Branco
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    3. Luiz Fernando de Rezende
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    4. Jean Francisco Vettorazzi
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    5. Patricia Cristine Borck
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    6. Antônio Carlos Boschero
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    7. Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
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    Correspondence to Rafael Ludemann Camargo .

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    Editors and Affiliations

    1. Chair of Immunology, Medical College Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

      Janusz Marcinkiewicz

    2. Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA

      Stephen W. Schaffer

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    Camargo, R.L. et al. (2015). The Effect of Taurine Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis: The Role of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme. In: Marcinkiewicz, J., Schaffer, S. (eds) Taurine 9. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 803. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_57

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