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Recent Advances in the Nitrogen Metabolism in Haloarchaea and Its Biotechnological Applications

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Biotechnology of Extremophiles:

Part of the book series: Grand Challenges in Biology and Biotechnology ((GCBB,volume 1))

Abstract

Halophilic archaea belong to the third domain of life, which live and survive in a highly salty environment. Nitrate assimilation is one of the main processes of the N-cycle, allowing the use of NO3 −, NO2 − and/or NH4 + as N source for growth. This pathway in general termed “Assimilatory nitrate pathway or assimilatory nitrate reduction” includes not only assimilatory nitrate reduction but also the assimilation of nitrite and ammonium. In the assimilatory nitrate reduction, NO3 − is finally reduced to NH4 + by two sequential reactions catalysed by a ferredoxin-dependent nitrate reductase (Nas; EC 1.6.6.2) and a ferredoxin-dependent nitrite reductase (Nir; EC 1.7.7.1). The glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase pathway (GS-GOGAT; EC 6.3.1.2, EC 1.4.7.1, respectively) or l-glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH; EC 1.4.1.2) are responsible for incorporating NH4 + into carbon skeletons. This chapter reviews current knowledge on nitrogen metabolism in haloarchaea with emphasis on assimilatory nitrate reduction, proteins involved and its regulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n - 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain

    Julia Esclapez, Mónica Camacho, Carmen Pire, Vanesa Bautista, Anna Vegara, Laia Pedro-Roig, Francisco Pérez-Pomares, Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa & María José Bonete

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  1. Julia Esclapez
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  2. Mónica Camacho
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  1. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Saint Barthélemy

    Pabulo H Rampelotto

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Esclapez, J. et al. (2016). Recent Advances in the Nitrogen Metabolism in Haloarchaea and Its Biotechnological Applications. In: Rampelotto, P. (eds) Biotechnology of Extremophiles:. Grand Challenges in Biology and Biotechnology, vol 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13521-2_9

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