Abstract
The interaction between a developing tumor and the immune system is complex and dynamic, and comprises seemingly opposing activities. On one hand, the tumor-promoting effect of chronic inflammation has long been recognized and mechanisms contributing to this activity, including proliferative and anti-apoptotic signaling, tissue remodeling, and mutagenesis, are well described. In contrast, tumor-specific immune responses mediated by a variety of cell types and soluble factors have been shown to inhibit the progression of cancer. A full understanding of the interplay between these opposing forces will be required before clinical manipulation of the tumor immune environment can achieve consistent improvement in the outcomes for patients with cancer. The focus of this chapter is the influence of genomic instability on the pro- and anti-tumor immune activities that impact on cancer development at multiple stages of progression.
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Abbreviations
- AID:
-
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase
- BER:
-
Base excision repair
- CIN:
-
Chromosomal instability
- DAMP:
-
Damage-associated molecular patterns
- DC:
-
Dendritic cells
- DDR:
-
DNA damage response
- DNA:
-
Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Ig:
-
Immunoglobulin
- KIR:
-
Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors
- M1:
-
Type 1 macrophages
- MDSC:
-
Myeloid derived suppressor cells
- MHC:
-
Major histocompatibility complex
- MIF:
-
Migration inhibitory factor
- MMR:
-
Mismatch repair
- MSI:
-
Microsatellite instability
- MSI-H:
-
High microsatellite instability
- NK:
-
Natural killer
- TLR:
-
Toll-like receptor
- PAMP:
-
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- RONS:
-
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- TAMS:
-
Tumor-associated macrophages
- Tfh:
-
T follicular helper
- TREGS :
-
Regulatory T cells
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The author is the recipient of a Canadian Cancer Society Career Development Award in Prevention.
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Reid, G. (2015). Immunomodulation and Genomic Instability. In: Maxwell, C., Roskelley, C. (eds) Genomic Instability and Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment, vol 20. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12136-9_8
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